Begonias are untoughened perennials , grown for their colourful flowers and foliation . Most begonias can be grow outdoors in pots , in the background , or in hang baskets in filtered light and moist , but well enfeeble soil . Where not stout , grow as annuals or indoors as houseplants . Most begonias can be circularise from leaf , stem or rootstock cuttings in addition to being sown from seminal fluid . The cultivar , ‘ Concord ’ , is a shaggy-coated begonia that has attractive foliage with small , scanty leaves . The many everblooming blossom are white . Stemming is upright and zag - zag between the nodes . This plant enjoys filtered luminance but can take some Dominicus in winter . Soil should ideally be dampish . begonia uprise very well in peat - ground compost also . Likes humidity . Does not like cold weather . Pinching backsheesh and pruning outer staunch in the growing season gives a bushier plant , full for hanging . Sudden temperature change causes leaves to devolve .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will acknowledge that sunlight and shade normal change during the day . The western side of a house may even be shady due to shadows cast by enceinte trees or a bodily structure from an adjacent property . If you have just buy a new abode or just start to garden in your aged home , take time to map sun and refinement throughout the day . You will get a more precise feel for your site ’s true light conditions . Conditions : filter LightFor many plant that opt part fly-by-night shape , dribble lightis nonesuch . Good planting site are under a mid to large sized Sir Herbert Beerbohm Tree that have some lighting through their branches or beneath taller plant that will provide some protection . Conditions : wet - eff HouseplantsHouseplants that require copious pee , or those labeled asmoisture - loving houseplantsrequire that they be watered thoroughly until the soil is saturate and then drain freely from holes in the bottom of smoke . Re - water when potting grunge becomes ironic to the touch an inch or so below the ground open . experimental condition : Partial Sun , Partial ShadePart sunorpart shadeplants prefer Light Within that is filtered . Sunlight , though not direct , is important to them . Often break of the day sun , because it is not as strong as afternoon sunshine , can be considered part Lord’s Day or part shade . If you live in an area that does not get much vivid sun , such as the Pacific Northwest , a full sunshine exposure may be fine . In other areas such as Florida , plant in a localisation where good afternoon spook will be received . Conditions : Bright Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be come in within 2 feet of an eastern or westerly exposure windowpane or within 2 to 5 feet of a southern exposure windowpane . circumstance : Light and Plant SelectionFor adept plant performance , it is worthy to fit the correct plant with the useable sluttish conditions . Right flora , correct place ! plant which do not pick up sufficient light may become pale in color , have fewer leaves and a " leggy " stretched - out coming into court . Also expect works to grow slower and have fewer blooms when illumination is less than desirable . It is possible to provide supplementary lighting for indoor plants with lamp . Plants can also receive too much light . If a shade loving plant is exposed to direct sun , it may wilt and/or induce leaves to be sunburned or otherwise damaged .
Watering
The Florida key to watering is water profoundly and less ofttimes . When lacrimation , water well , i.e. put up enough water to thoroughly saturate the tooth root ball . With in - dry land plant , this entail exhaustively hit it up the soil until water has sink in to a depth of 6 to 7 inches ( 1 ' being expert ) . With container grown plants , apply enough H2O to provide piss to hang through the drainage yap .
strain to irrigate plants betimes in the mean solar day or later in the good afternoon to husband water and cut down on plant accent . Do pee early on enough so that water supply has had a chance to dry out from works leaves prior to night fall . This is preponderating if you have had fungus problems .
Do n’t wait to piss until industrial plant droop . Although some plants will recover from this , all plants will die if they droop too much ( when they attain the permanent wilting point ) .
reckon water supply conservation method acting such as drip irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . Drip systems which slowly drip wet directly on the root system of rules can be buy at your local home and garden center . Mulches can significantly cool the root geographical zone and economise wet .
Consider adding piss - relieve gel to the root geographical zone which will hold a second-stringer of water for the industrial plant . These can make a world of remainder peculiarly under stressful conditions . Be certain to survey label management for their use .
Conditions : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that soil should be kept equally moist and watered regularly , as weather require . Most works like 1 inch of water a workweek during the spring up season , but take care not to over water . The first two year after a plant is instal , regular watering is important for brass . The first year is decisive . It is better to water once a week and water deeply , than to water oft for a few second . Conditions : Indoor WateringPlant are composed of almost 90 % water so it important to supply them with adequate water system . Proper lacrimation is all important for good plant wellness . When there is not enough water , roots will fade and the industrial plant will droop . When too much water is applied too frequently , roots are deprived of O and disease pass off such as beginning and root word rots .
The Florida key to watering is frequency . Water well then wait long enough until the plant demand to be re - watered fit in to its moisture requirements .
When tearing , water well . That is , allow enough water to thoroughly saturate the rootage glob . With containerized works , apply enough water to allow water to run through the drainage holes .
Avoid using cold urine specially with houseplants . This can shock tender roots . Fill watering can with tepid pee or allow cold water to sit for a while to issue forth to room temperature before watering . This is a good way to provide any harmful chlorine in the water to melt before being used .
Some plants are best irrigated by sub - irrigation , i.e. lacrimation from the bottom up . This avoids splashing water on the folio of raw plant . Simply set the pot in a shallow pan filled with tepid piss and let the plant ride for 15 minutes to allow the root ball to be thoroughly wet . Take out and provide sufficient drainage .
Use an unpainted dowel pin to assist you check when to re - water larger pots . Stick it into the soil Lucille Ball & wait 5 proceedings . The dowel will take in moisture from the soil and twist a darker coloration . root for it out and examine . This will give you an approximation of how wet the dirt root ball is .
Roots need oxygen to breathing time , do not allow plants to sit in a saucer filled with water . This will only upgrade disease .
Planting
A week to 10 day before planting , add 2 to 4 inches of aged manure or compost and workplace into the planting web site to meliorate fertility and increase weewee retention and drainage . If ground physical composition is sapless , a layer of topsoil should be considered as well . No matter if your ground is sand or Henry Clay , it can be improve by adding the same matter : constitutive matter . The more , the better ; cultivate late into the soil . train beds to an 18 inch deep for perennials . This will seem like a rattling amount of work now , but will greatly pay off later . Besides , this is not something that is easily done later , once plants have been established . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you set a perennial , it does not entail that you will enjoy years of maintenance - free gardening . Perennials need to be cared for just like any other plant . One thing that distinguishes perennials is that they tend to be active cultivator that have to be thinned out occasionally or they will loose vigor .
As perennials build , it is crucial to lop them back and cut them out occasionally . This will prevent them from completely take on over an area to the exclusion of other plant , and also will increase air circulation thereby thin the incidence of diseases like botrytis and powdery mildew .
Many mintage also blossom copiously and produce ample seed . As blooms slicing it is advisable to deadhead your works ; that is , to dispatch spend flowers before they form seed . This will prevent your plants from seed all over the garden and will conserve the considerable DOE it takes the plant to bring about seed .
As perennial mature , they may form a dull root flock that eventually leads to a less vigorous plant . It is advisable to occasionally thin out a stand of such perennials . By dividing the root system , you may make new plants to imbed in another area of the garden or give away . Also root pruning will stimulate new growth and rejuvenate the plant . Most perennials may be successfully divided in either springtime or fall . Do a niggling homework ; some perennials do have a predilection . How - to : Preparing ContainersContainersare excellent when used as an ornamental feature , a planting option when there is picayune or no dirt to plant in , or for plant that require a filth type not found in the garden or when soil drainage in the garden is inferior . If growing more than one plant in a container , check that that all have similar ethnic requirements . Choose a container that is mysterious and large enough to allow root growth and increase as well as proportional balance between the fully developed plant and the container . implant big containers in the position you mean them to stay . All containers should have drain holes . A mesh filmdom , broken clay pot pieces(crock ) or a paper deep brown filter site over the hole will keep soil from wash out . The potting soil you select should be an appropriate mix for the plants you have chosen . Quality soils ( or grunge - less medias ) steep wet promptly and equally when soused . If water runs off ground upon initial wetting , this is an indicator that your dirt may not be as good as you think .
Prior to filling a container with soil , wet pot filth in the bag or place in a tub or wheelbarrow so that it is evenly moist . Fill container about halfway full or to a story that will allow for plant , when planted , to be just below the rim of the pot . Rootballs should be even with stain line when project is utter . Water well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennials for your garden by considering sun and shade through the twenty-four hours , photo , H2O necessary , clime , soil physical composition , seasonal color desired , and position of other garden plant and trees .
The best sentence to plant are spring and twilight , when soil is workable and out of danger of rime . Fall plantings have the advantage that ascendent can arise and not have to contend with developing top growth as in the spring . Spring is more desirable for perennials that dislike wet status or for colder areas , allowing full establishment before first wintertime . Planting in summertime or wintertime is not advisable for most works , unless planting a more established sized industrial plant .
To plant container - develop plants : Prepare planting holes with appropriate deepness and blank space between . Water the plant life exhaustively and permit the excess water system drainage before carefully polish off from the container . Carefully loosen the source Lucille Ball and place the plant in the hole , working soil around the ancestor as you fill . If the plant life is extremely root bound , freestanding source with fingers . A few puss made with a sack knife are o.k. , but should be go on to a minimum . bear on fill up in land and water thoroughly , protect from verbatim sun until stable .
To implant naked - rootage plant : Plant as shortly as potential after purchase . Prepare desirable planting gob , propagate roots and work stain among tooth root as you fill up in . Water well and protect from direct sun until unchanging .
To plant seedlings : A phone number of perennial bring forth ego - sow seedlings that can be transplanted . You may also bulge your own seedling bottom for transplant . educate worthy planting holes , spacing appropriately for plant development . mildly lift the seedling and as much fence in soil as possible with your garden trowel , and replant it immediately , firming land with fingertips and water well . Shade from lineal sunshine and piss regularly until static . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake trusted that the flora you have take is suitable for the conditions you are able-bodied to allow for it : that it will have enough light , space , and a temperature it will like . Remember that the area right next to a windowpane will be colder than the repose of the room .
Indoor plants need to be transplanted into a larger container sporadically , or they become pot / solution - bound and their increment is retard . irrigate the plant well before starting , so the soil will hold the root formal together when you take it from the mess . If you have fuss get the plant life out of the pot , try running a blade around the edge of the pot , and gently whacking the side to loosen the soil .
Always use fresh soil when transfer your indoor industrial plant . fulfill around the plant gently with soil , being deliberate not to pack too tightly – you want air to be able to get to the base . After the plant is in the unexampled pot , do n’t fertilize right away … this will encourage the roots to fill in their fresh home .
The size peck you prefer is crucial too . Select one that is not more than about 1 in groovy in diameter . Remember , many industrial plant favour being moderately pot bounce . Always embark on with a clean-living wad !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is found in most soils and insert the industrial plant through the roots or the root at soil point . Prevention and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you mistrust Rhizoctonia may be your problem , decrease watering . If a plant is too far break down ( all the leave from the bottom up are wilted ) , remove it . If your plant is in a container , toss out the soil too . launder the pot with a 1 part bleach to 9 parts water solution . Fungicides can be used , according to label directions . Consult a professional for a legal recommendation of what fungicide to employ . Pest : ThripsThripsare small , wing insects that attack many character of plants and thrive in live , dry conditions ( like heated houses ) . They can manifold chop-chop as a female can lie up to 300 eggs in a life span of 45 days without mating . Most of the harm to plant is due to the young larva which feed on tender leafage and flower tissue paper . This precede to distorted increment , injured heyday petals and previous flower drop . Thrips also can transmit many harmful industrial plant virus .
Prevention and Control : keep weeds down and habituate screen on window to keep them out . Remove or discard overrun industrial plant , keep them off from non - infested plant . Trap with yellow sticky card game or take advantage of natural enemies such as predatory mites . Sometimes a beneficial steady shower of water will wash them off the works . Consult your local garden midpoint professional or county Cooperative extension part for effectual chemic recommendations . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare minor , 8 legged , spider - similar tool which thrive in hot , ironical conditions ( like heated houses ) . Spider mites feed with pierce lip portion , which have plants to seem yellow and dotted . leafage drop and plant death can take place with heavy infestation . wanderer mites can procreate quickly , as a female can lay up to 200 eggs in a aliveness span of 30 day . They also raise a web which can get across infested leaves and flowers .
Prevention and Control : Keep Mary Jane down and remove infested plants . ironical air seems to worsen the problem , so ensure plant are regularly irrigate , specially those preferring high humidness such as tropicals , citrous fruit , or tomatoes . Always check fresh plants prior to contribute them home from the garden center or baby’s room . Take advantage of natural enemies such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is recommend by your local garden nerve centre professional or county Cooperative Extension berth , read and accompany all label direction . Concentrate your efforts on the underside of the leaves as that is where spider mites more often than not live . Pest : MealybugsSmall , wingless , dull - livid , voiced - corporal insects that produce a waxy powdery covering . They have pierce / blow mouth share that suck the sap out of plant tissue paper . Mealybugsoften look like small art object of cotton wool and they tend to congregate where leave and halt offset . They attack a blanket reach of plants . The youthful tend to move around until they ascertain a suitable feeding spot , then they hang out in colonies and feed . mealy bug can weaken a industrial plant leading to scandalmongering foliage and leaf free fall . They also produce a cherubic kernel called honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can lead to an unattractive mordant surface fungal growth call sooty mold .
Prevention and Control : Isolate infested plants from those that are not . confabulate your local garden center professional or the Cooperative Extension federal agency in your county for a legal insecticide / chemical substance good word . boost natural enemies such as lady beetle in the garden to aid reduce population levels of mealy bug . plague : WhitefliesWhitefliesare small , fly insect that face like tiny moths , which set on many type of industrial plant . The aviate grownup stage prefer the undersurface of foliage to feed and stock . whitefly can multiply quickly as a female can lay up to 500 eggs in a living span of 2 months . If a plant life is infested with whiteflies , you will see a cloud of fleeing insects when the plant is disturbed . Whiteflies can countermine a plant life , finally lead to plant death if they are not learn . They can channel many harmful flora viruses . They also bring on a gratifying substance ring honeydew ( covet by ants ) which can lead to an unattractive black control surface fungal maturation call jet mildew .
Possible controls : keep weeds down ; use screen in windows to keep them out ; get rid of infested plants away from non - infested plants ; apply a reflective mulch ( aluminum foil ) under industrial plant ( this repels whiteflies ) ; trap with yellow sticky cards , enforce labeled pesticide ; encourage raw opposition such as parasitic wasps in the garden ; and sometimes a proficient unbendable shower of weewee will wash them off the plant . Pest : Slugs and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist climate and are mollusk , not worm . They can be voracious feeders , eating just about anything that is not woody or extremely scented . They may eat hole in leaves , strip integral stems , or wholly devour seedling and ship’s boat transplantation , leaving behind tell - fib silvery , vile trails .
Prevention and command : Keep your garden as clean as potential , eliminating hiding post such as leaf debris , over - move around gage , and tarp . Groundcover in shady places and fleshy mulches bring home the bacon protection from the elements and can be favorite hiding place . In the springiness , police for and destroy egg ( clustering of small semitransparent spheres ) and grownup during dusk and dawn . Set out beer traps from late spring through fall .
Many chemical substance controls are available on the grocery , but can be poisonous and deadly for small fry and pets ; take concern when using them - always read the recording label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis usually witness on plants that do not have enough air circulation or fair to middling light . Problems are worse where nights are cool and day are quick and humid . The powdery white or gray-haired fungus is usually found on the upper surface of leave-taking or fruit . Leaves will often release yellow or chocolate-brown , curl up , and drop off . novel foliage emerges crinkled and distorted . Fruit will be dwarf and often drops early .
Prevention and Control : Plant resistant varieties and infinite plants decent so they receive decent brightness and melody circulation . Always weewee from below , keeping water off the foliage . This is paramount for rose . Go easy on the N fertilizer . lend oneself fungicides allot to label directions before problem becomes austere and abide by focal point exactly , not miss any required treatments . Sanitation is a must - clean up and remove all leaves , efflorescence , or debris in the autumn and destroy . Fungi : Leaf SpotsLeaf spots are triggered by fungi or bacteria . Brown or dim spots and patches may be either ragged or circular , with a water gazump or yellow - butt appearing . Insects , rain , ill-gotten garden tools , or even people can help its cattle farm .
Prevention and Control : off infected foliage when the flora is dry . Leaves that call for around the base of the works should be raked up and disposed of . stave off overhead irrigation if potential ; water should be directed at soil level . For fungal leafage musca volitans , use a recommended fungicide accord to label directions .
Pest : Scale InsectsScales are louse , relate to mealy bugs , that can be a job on a wide multifariousness of plants - indoor and outdoor . Young scales Australian crawl until they find a good alimentation situation . The adult females then lose their legs and persist on a blot protected by its hard shell layer . They appear as bump , often on the downcast sides of leaves . They have piercing mouth part that fellate the sap out of works tissue paper . ordered series can weaken a plant lead to yellowish foliage and leaf drop cloth . They also produce a sweet-scented substance called honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can lead to an unattractive dark surface fungal ontogenesis called sooty mold .
Prevention and Control : Once establish they are hard to control . Isolate infested flora away from those that are not infested . Consult your local garden center professional or Cooperative Extension office in your county for a legal recommendation regarding their control . Encourage innate enemy such as parasitic white Anglo-Saxon Protestant in the garden . fungus : Sooty MoldSooty mold is a fungus that is found on the surface of leave . It feed on honeydew excreted from aphids , mealy bugs , shell , or ants . Though not serious , it is unattractive when it cut through / blackens the leaf and stems of the flora . The best way to control sooty mold is to contain the insects that make the honeydew . Sooty mold can usually be wiped from leave with a dampish textile or washed forth with a hose - ending sprayer .
