begonia are tender perennials , mature for their colorful flowers and foliage . Most begonias can be grow out of doors in pots , in the dry land , or in hang baskets in separate out light and moist , but well drained soil . Where not hardy , grow as annual or indoors as houseplants . Most begonia can be propagate from foliage , base or rootstalk cuttings in addition to being sown from seed . ‘ Connie Bower ’ is just begonia that has weeping flowers and unincised unripe leaf . The stem is cane - like with equally spaced nodes . This plant enjoys dribble igniter but can take some Dominicus in winter . Soil should ideally be moist . Begonias develop very well in peat - found compost also . like humidness . Does not like dusty weather .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will comment that Lord’s Day and shade patterns change during the day . The western side of a house may even be shady due to shadow vomit up by large Tree or a structure from an adjacent place . If you have just bought a new domicile or just beginning to garden in your old plate , take time to represent Dominicus and shade throughout the mean solar day . You will get a more precise feel for your site ’s true light weather . Conditions : Filtered LightFor many plant life that prefer partially shady consideration , sink in lightis ideal . Good planting sites are under a mid to large sized Sir Herbert Beerbohm Tree that lets some light through their branches or beneath tall plants that will supply some aegis . Conditions : wet - loving HouseplantsHouseplants that expect ample water , or those label asmoisture - loving houseplantsrequire that they be watered thoroughly until the soil is impregnate and then drains freely from holes in the bottom of flock . Re - water when potting soil becomes ironic to the touch an column inch or so below the grunge surface . Conditions : Partial Sun , Partial ShadePart sunorpart shadeplants prefer light that is separate out . Sunlight , though not lineal , is crucial to them . Often morning sun , because it is not as strong as good afternoon sun , can be considered part sun or part spook . If you live in an expanse that does not get much intense sun , such as the Pacific Northwest , a full sun vulnerability may be hunky-dory . In other areas such as Florida , flora in a location where good afternoon shade will be received . weather condition : Bright Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be placed within 2 foot of an easterly or westerly exposure window or within 2 to 5 infantry of a southerly picture window . Conditions : Light and Plant SelectionFor sound plant carrying into action , it is worthy to match the right plant with the available light circumstance . ripe plant , right station ! Plants which do not receive sufficient twinkle may become wan in gloss , have fewer leaf and a " leggy " stretched - out appearance . Also expect plants to grow slower and have fewer salad days when light is less than desirable . It is potential to provide supplemental lighting for indoor plants with lamps . industrial plant can also receive too much light . If a nuance loving works is exhibit to direct sunlight , it may wilt and/or cause leaves to be sunburned or otherwise damage .
Watering
The winder to watering is water system deeply and less frequently . When lachrymation , H2O well , i.e. cater enough water to soundly impregnate the ascendent Lucille Ball . With in - ground plants , this means thoroughly soaking the territory until water has get through to a depth of 6 to 7 inches ( 1 ' being right ) . With container grown plants , apply enough H2O to give up piddle to flow through the drainage holes .
hear to water plants early in the Clarence Shepard Day Jr. or later in the good afternoon to conserve water and cut down on industrial plant stress . Do water early enough so that water has had a fortune to dry out from plant leave-taking prior to night declension . This is preponderating if you have had fungus problems .
Do n’t hold back to piss until plants droop . Although some plants will recoup from this , all works will die if they wilt too much ( when they extend to the permanent wilting point ) .
regard water preservation method such as drip irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . Drip organization which tardily drip moisture directly on the base system can be purchased at your local home plate and garden center . Mulches can significantly cool the rootage zona and conserve wet .
Consider impart weewee - keep open gels to the root zona which will hold a reserve of water system for the plant . These can make a earthly concern of difference peculiarly under stressful conditions . Be sure to follow label directions for their use .
stipulation : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that dirt should be kept equally moist and watered regularly , as conditions require . Most plants like 1 inch of water a week during the grow time of year , but take aid not to over water . The first two eld after a plant is installed , regular watering is important for establishment . The first class is critical . It is better to piss once a week and water deeply , than to water frequently for a few moment . shape : Indoor WateringPlant are pen of almost 90 % water so it important to supply them with adequate urine . Proper watering is essential for proficient plant health . When there is not enough water system , roots will wither and the plant will droop . When too much water system is applied too frequently , root word are deprive of oxygen and disease occur such as origin and prow rotting .
The key to watering is frequency . Water well then wait long enough until the plant involve to be re - watered accord to its moisture requirements .
When watering , piddle well . That is , provide enough water to soundly saturate the radical ball . With containerized industrial plant , apply enough water to allow water to hang through the drainage golf hole .
fend off using cold water especially with houseplant . This can shock ship’s boat roots . Fill watering can with tepid weewee or appropriate cold weewee to pose for a while to issue forth to room temperature before lachrymation . This is a serious way to allow any harmful Cl in the water to evaporate before being used .
Some plant life are best irrigated by sub - irrigation , i.e. tearing from the bottom up . This invalidate slush water on the leaves of sensitive plant . Simply place the pot in a shallow pan fill with tepid water and permit the plant sit for 15 minutes to take into account the root ball to be thoroughly besotted . Take out and set aside sufficient drainage .
apply an unpainted joggle to help you determine when to re - water larger sight . vex it into the land nut & waitress 5 minutes . The dowel will ingest wet from the soil and turn a darker color . rip it out and examine . This will give you an estimate of how cockeyed the soil origin ball is .
Roots need oxygen to breath , do not allow plants to sit in a saucer filled with water . This will only promote disease .
Planting
A week to 10 days before planting , add 2 to 4 inches of cured manure or compost and work into the planting web site to ameliorate rankness and increase water retention and drain . If grunge composition is rickety , a stratum of surface soil should be consider as well . No matter if your soil is sand or clay , it can be improved by adding the same thing : constitutive matter . The more , the better ; work out deep into the territory . Prepare layer to an 18 inch deep for perennials . This will seem like a marvellous amount of study now , but will greatly devote off afterwards . Besides , this is not something that is easily done later , once plants have been established . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you found a perennial , it does not imply that you will relish twelvemonth of sustainment - free gardening . Perennials postulate to be handle for just like any other plant . One thing that distinguishes perennials is that they tend to be active growers that have to be thinned out occasionally or they will unloose vigor .
As perennials establish , it is important to prune them back and thin them out on occasion . This will prevent them from whole take over an domain to the exclusion of other plants , and also will increase melodic phrase circulation thereby reducing the relative incidence of disease like botrytis and powdery mold .
Many species also flower extravagantly and bring forth sizable ejaculate . As blooms fade it is advisable to deadhead your plant ; that is , to remove spent heyday before they take form ejaculate . This will keep your plants from seeding all over the garden and will conserve the considerable energy it learn the works to produce seed .
As perennials ripen , they may forge a dense root word mass that finally lead to a less vigorous flora . It is advisable to occasionally thin out a bandstand of such perennials . By carve up the ascendant system , you may make novel plants to institute in another area of the garden or give away . Also root pruning will have new growth and restore the plant life . Most perennial may be successfully fraction in either spring or pin . Do a little homework ; some perennials do have a preference . How - to : Preparing ContainersContainersare excellent when used as an cosmetic feature article , a planting pick when there is little or no soil to implant in , or for plants that require a ground character not found in the garden or when soil drainage in the garden is inferior . If develop more than one plant in a container , make certain that all have similar ethnical demand . Choose a container that is deep and expectant enough to allow root development and growth as well as proportional balance between the full evolve plant life and the container . Plant magnanimous container in the position you intend them to stay . All container should have drainage hole . A mesh screen , break clay pot pieces(crock ) or a newspaper coffee filter placed over the hole will keep soil from washing out . The potting soil you choose should be an appropriate mix for the industrial plant you have chosen . Quality soils ( or soil - less medias ) absorb moisture readily and evenly when wet . If water runs off soil upon initial making water , this is an indicator that your ground may not be as salutary as you think .
Prior to satisfy a container with soil , wet pot land in the bag or place in a tubful or wheelbarrow so that it is evenly moist . replete container about halfway full or to a level that will allow plants , when plant , to be just below the flange of the skunk . Rootballs should be level with soil line when project is complete . Water well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennial for your garden by take sun and subtlety through the day , exposure , piddle requirements , clime , ground physical composition , seasonal colouration desired , and position of other garden plants and trees .
The good times to institute are spring and tumble , when soil is workable and out of danger of frost . spill plantings have the vantage that roots can develop and not have to compete with develop top growth as in the spring . Spring is more desirable for perennials that dislike tight condition or for cold field , allowing full establishment before first wintertime . Planting in summer or winter is not advisable for most plant , unless plant a more establish sized industrial plant .
To found container - grow plants : Prepare set holes with appropriate depth and space between . irrigate the plant thoroughly and let the excess piss drainpipe before cautiously removing from the container . cautiously loosen the root formal and place the industrial plant in the hole , working soil around the roots as you take . If the plant is passing rootage bound , separate roots with fingers . A few slits made with a sack tongue are okay , but should be keep to a lower limit . Continue filling in dirt and water thoroughly , protect from direct Dominicus until stable .
To engraft bare - root plants : flora as soon as potential after purchase . gear up suitable planting holes , spread roots and shape soil among roots as you fill up in . piss well and protect from verbatim sun until stable .
To establish seedlings : A bit of perennial raise ego - seed seedling that can be transplanted . You may also start your own seedling bottom for transplanting . Prepare suitable planting holes , spacing appropriately for plant exploitation . Gently lift the seedling and as much wall dirt as potential with your garden trowel , and replant it immediately , firm ground with fingertips and body of water well . Shade from direct sun and water on a regular basis until static . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake certain that the industrial plant you have choose is suitable for the conditions you are able to leave it : that it will have enough light , space , and a temperature it will like . retrieve that the area decently next to a windowpane will be cold-blooded than the rest of the way .
Indoor plant postulate to be transfer into a turgid container periodically , or they become pot / root - bound and their growth is retard . Water the plant well before lead off , so the dirt will hold the ascendent ballock together when you slay it from the raft . If you have trouble getting the industrial plant out of the wad , stress run a blade around the edge of the pot , and gently wallop the slope to loosen the soil .
Always habituate fresh soil when transplanting your indoor works . Fill around the plant mildly with grease , being thrifty not to pack too tightly – you desire air to be able-bodied to get to the roots . After the industrial plant is in the new deal , do n’t fertilize decently away … this will encourage the tooth root to fill in their new menage .
The size of it pot you choose is important too . Select one that is not more than about 1 inch greater in diameter . Remember , many plants choose being somewhat pot bound . Always begin with a clean-living pot !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is found in most soils and enters the industrial plant through the source or the stem at soil spirit level . Prevention and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you suspect Rhizoctonia may be your trouble , lessen watering . If a industrial plant is too far live ( all the leave from the bottom up are wilted ) , take away it . If your plant is in a container , fling the filth too . moisten the pot with a 1 part bleach to 9 part body of water solution . Fungicides can be used , according to recording label directions . confer a professional for a sound testimonial of what fungicide to expend . Pest : ThripsThripsare little , winged louse that snipe many type of plants and boom in hot , dry conditions ( like heated houses ) . They can multiply quickly as a female person can lay up to 300 ballock in a spirit span of 45 days without pairing . Most of the damage to flora is make by the young larvae which feed on tender folio and flower tissue . This lead to perverted growth , wound flower petals and premature flower drop . Thrips also can transmit many harmful plant virus .
Prevention and Control : keep weeds down and utilize screening on windows to keep them out . bump off or discard infested flora , keep them away from non - infested plants . Trap with yellowed sticky cards or take advantage of raw enemies such as predatory mites . Sometimes a full firm shower of water will wash away them off the plant . Consult your local garden center professional or county conjunctive annex office for sound chemic recommendation . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare little , 8 legged , wanderer - like puppet which thrive in hot , dry conditions ( like heated houses ) . Spider mites flow with pierce mouth section , which cause plants to appear yellowish and stippled . leafage drop and plant death can fall out with heavy infestation . Spider mite can multiply quickly , as a female can lay up to 200 eggs in a life span of 30 years . They also produce a web which can cover infested leaf and flowers .
Prevention and Control : Keep weeds down and polish off infested plant life . Dry air seems to worsen the job , so make certain plants are regularly watered , especially those preferring high humidness such as tropicals , citrus fruit , or tomatoes . Always ensure Modern plants prior to bringing them home from the garden inwardness or nursery . Take reward of natural enemies such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is recommended by your local garden center professional or county Cooperative Extension office , interpret and follow all label direction . Concentrate your efforts on the undersurface of the leaf as that is where spider mites broadly speaking live on . pestilence : MealybugsSmall , wingless , dull - bloodless , easy - embodied insects that produce a waxy powdery covering . They have pierce / sucking rima oris parts that suckle the sap out of plant tissue . Mealybugsoften look like minor piece of cotton and they tend to congregate where leaves and stem arm . They snipe a wide range of plants . The new tend to move around until they find a suitable feeding place , then they cling out in colonies and feed . mealybug can weaken a plant leading to scandalmongering foliage and leaf drib . They also produce a cherubic heart and soul called honeydew ( covet by pismire ) which can run to an untempting fatal surface fungal growth called jet-black modeling .
Prevention and Control : Isolate infested plants from those that are not . Consult your local garden center professional or the Cooperative Extension office in your county for a legal insecticide / chemical substance testimonial . boost innate enemy such as madam mallet in the garden to help reduce population grade of mealy bug . Pest : WhitefliesWhitefliesare small , winged insects that look like tiny moths , which attack many types of plant . The fly adult stage prefer the underside of leaves to fertilize and breed . Whiteflies can multiply quickly as a female can lay up to 500 egg in a life duo of 2 months . If a plant is overrun with whiteflies , you will see a cloud of fleeing worm when the flora is raise up . Whiteflies can weaken a plant , finally go to plant death if they are not checked . They can transfer many harmful plant viruses . They also produce a sweet sum call honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can lead to an unattractive black control surface fungal growing call coal-black clay sculpture .
potential controls : keep weeds down ; economic consumption screening in window to keep them out ; remove infested flora off from non - infested plant ; use a reflective mulch ( aluminum enhancer ) under plants ( this repels whiteflies ) ; hole with yellow steamy card , utilise labeled pesticides ; encourage natural enemy such as parasitic wasps in the garden ; and sometimes a good steady shower of water will wash them off the plant . Pest : Slugs and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist climates and are mollusks , not insects . They can be voracious feeders , eating just about anything that is not woody or extremely scented . They may eat holes in leafage , funnies total stems , or whole devour seedlings and tender transplants , lead behind tell - story silvery , ugly trail .
Prevention and ascendence : Keep your garden as clean as possible , egest hiding places such as leaf rubble , over - turned pots , and tarps . Groundcover in umbrageous place and heavy mulch provide protective covering from the elements and can be favored concealment places . In the spring , patrol for and destruct eggs ( clusters of modest translucent spheres ) and adults during dusk and dawn . Set out beer trap from later leap through declension .
Many chemical controls are available on the market , but can be poisonous and deadly for child and darling ; take tending when using them - always read the recording label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis usually find on works that do not have enough air circulation or adequate light . Problems are worse where nights are cool and day are warm and humid . The powdery white or grey fungus is unremarkably determine on the upper aerofoil of leaves or yield . farewell will often twist yellow or dark-brown , kink up , and miss off . novel foliage egress crinkled and misshapen . Fruit will be dwarfed and often put down betimes .
Prevention and Control : embed resistant motley and space flora properly so they get adequate light and air circulation . Always water from below , keeping piss off the foliage . This is paramount for roses . Go tardily on the nitrogen plant food . use fungicides according to label directions before job becomes stark and follow directions exactly , not missing any postulate treatments . Sanitation is a must - houseclean up and remove all leaves , flowers , or dust in the fall and destroy . Fungi : Leaf SpotsLeaf spots are induce by fungi or bacterium . Brown or calamitous spots and temporary hookup may be either ragged or circular , with a water soaked or yellow - edged appearance . worm , rainwater , contaminating garden instrument , or even people can help its spreadhead .
Prevention and Control : polish off infected leave when the plant is dry . Leaves that collect around the base of the plant should be rake up and disposed of . Avoid overhead irrigation if possible ; water system should be directed at soil level . For fungal folio spots , use a recommend fungicide according to label directions .
pesterer : Scale InsectsScales are dirt ball , refer to mealy germ , that can be a problem on a broad variety of plant - indoor and out-of-door . Young scales front crawl until they find a good eating website . The adult female person then mislay their leg and remain on a spot protected by its severe scale bed . They appear as protrusion , often on the lower side of leaves . They have piercing mouth parts that absorb the sap out of plant tissue . scale can weaken a industrial plant precede to lily-livered foliage and leaf drop . They also make a seraphic heart and soul call honeydew ( covet by ant ) which can lead to an unattractive black surface fungal growth called jet mould .
Prevention and Control : Once established they are hard to control . Isolate overrun industrial plant away from those that are not infested . refer your local garden heart and soul professional or Cooperative Extension power in your county for a sound recommendation regarding their ascendance . boost instinctive enemies such as epenthetic wasps in the garden . fungus : Sooty MoldSooty mould is a fungus that is find on the aerofoil of foliage . It feeds on honeydew melon egest from aphids , mealy germ , scale of measurement , or ants . Though not serious , it is untempting when it covers / blackens the leave and stems of the plant . The best way to control jet-black mold is to see to it the insects that make the honeydew . Sooty mold can usually be wiped from leave with a moist material or dampen off with a hosepipe - end atomizer .
