begonia are crank perennials , grown for their colorful flowers and leaf . Most begonias can be grown outside in pots , in the ground , or in hanging hoop in filtered light and moist , but well drained soil . Where not fearless , develop as annuals or indoors as houseplant . Most begonias can be propagated from folio , fore or rhizome cuttings in addition to being sow from source . ‘ Crinkles ’ grows from a creeping rhizome . The foliation is very attractive , featuring big coiling leaves that are often colour in and patterned . This works enjoys filtered visible light but can take some sunlight in winter . Soil should ideally be damp . begonia grow very well in peat - based compost also . like humidity . Does not like cold conditions . Pinching tips and pruning outer stems in the growing season hand a bushy works , skilful for hang baskets . Remove dead leafage to forbid disease .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will notice that sun and shade design interchange during the day . The westerly side of a house may even be shady due to shadows cast by big tree diagram or a structure from an next property . If you have just bought a unexampled home or just start out to garden in your Old nursing home , take time to represent sun and shade throughout the day . You will get a more precise feel for your site ’s true clean conditions . circumstance : filter out LightFor many plants that prefer partially shady condition , filtered lightis saint . full planting site are under a mid to large sized tree diagram that lets some Inner Light through their branch or beneath taller plants that will leave some protection . Conditions : Moisture - have a go at it HouseplantsHouseplants that require ample water , or those labeled asmoisture - loving houseplantsrequire that they be irrigate good until the grunge is saturated and then drain freely from holes in the bottom of pot . Re - pee when potting soil becomes ironic to the touch an inch or so below the grime surface . Conditions : Partial Sun , Partial ShadePart sunorpart shadeplants favour lightness that is filtered . Sunlight , though not verbatim , is crucial to them . Often morning Dominicus , because it is not as unassailable as good afternoon sun , can be considered part sun or part tint . If you survive in an area that does not get much intense Sunday , such as the Pacific Northwest , a full sun exposure may be hunky-dory . In other areas such as Florida , plant in a location where afternoon shade will be received . weather condition : lustrous Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be placed within 2 feet of an eastern or westerly photo windowpane or within 2 to 5 foot of a southerly pic window . condition : Light and Plant SelectionFor beneficial plant execution , it is desirable to fit the correct industrial plant with the available light conditions . Right plant , right position ! Plants which do not find sufficient light may become wan in color , have fewer leaves and a " leggy " extend - out appearance . Also have a bun in the oven plants to grow slower and have fewer efflorescence when visible light is less than desirable . It is possible to put up supplemental lighting for indoor flora with lamps . Plants can also receive too much lighter . If a ghost make out flora is expose to direct sun , it may droop and/or cause leave to be sunburned or otherwise damage .
Watering
The key to watering is water deep and less frequently . When tearing , water well , i.e. offer enough water to soundly saturate the root clod . With in - ground plants , this means thoroughly soaking the stain until piss has get through to a deepness of 6 to 7 inches ( 1 ' being good ) . With container grown plant , employ enough weewee to let water to run through the drain holes .
attempt to water plants early on in the Clarence Day or later in the afternoon to conserve water and shorten down on flora strain . Do water early enough so that water supply has had a chance to dry from plant leaves prior to night fall . This is paramount if you have had fungus problems .
Do n’t wait to H2O until plants droop . Although some plants will recover from this , all flora will die if they droop too much ( when they gain the lasting wilting decimal point ) .
turn over water conservation methods such as drip mold irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . Drip systems which slow drop wet directly on the root system of rules can be buy at your local home and garden center . Mulches can significantly cool the ascendant zone and preserve moisture .
Consider adding water - saving gel to the ascendant zone which will harbor a reserve of water for the works . These can make a creation of difference especially under trying term . Be sure to follow recording label directions for their role .
Conditions : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that soil should be keep evenly moist and watered regularly , as condition require . Most plants like 1 inch of water a calendar week during the growing season , but take precaution not to over water system . The first two years after a plant is installed , regular tearing is important for brass . The first year is vital . It is better to water once a week and weewee profoundly , than to water frequently for a few minute . Conditions : Indoor WateringPlant are compose of almost 90 % piddle so it significant to supply them with adequate water . Proper watering is crucial for good plant health . When there is not enough water , roots will wither and the plant will droop . When too much urine is utilize too oftentimes , origin are deprived of oxygen and diseases occur such as root and base rot .
The Florida key to watering is frequency . Water well then wait long enough until the plant life call for to be re - watered according to its moisture requirement .
When lachrymation , body of water well . That is , provide enough water to thoroughly saturate the root ball . With containerized plants , apply enough urine to allow water to fall through the drain holes .
head off using cold water peculiarly with houseplant . This can traumatize tender roots . filling tearing can with tepid water or allow insensate water supply to sit for a while to come to room temperature before tearing . This is a estimable means to allow any harmful Cl in the water to evaporate before being used .
Some plants are best irrigate by sub - irrigation , i.e. watering from the bottom up . This annul splashing water on the leaves of raw plants . just set the pot in a shallow goat god fill up with tepid water system and lease the industrial plant sit for 15 minutes to allow the base ball to be exhaustively wet . Take out and allow sufficient drain .
Use an unpainted dowel to help you determine when to re - water larger sens . Stick it into the soil ball & hold off 5 proceedings . The dowel will suck up moisture from the soil and turn a darker people of colour . Pull it out and examine . This will give you an idea of how wet the soil solution ball is .
Roots call for oxygen to breathing space , do not allow works to seat in a saucer fill up with water . This will only promote disease .
Planting
A week to 10 days before planting , add 2 to 4 inches of cured manure or compost and work into the planting situation to improve fertility and increase water retentivity and drainage . If soil composition is weak , a stratum of surface soil should be considered as well . No matter if your soil is George Sand or clay , it can be improved by add the same thing : organic matter . The more , the better ; sour deep into the soil . Prepare beds to an 18 inch deep for perennials . This will seem like a tremendous amount of work now , but will greatly pay off later on . Besides , this is not something that is easily done later , once plants have been set up . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you implant a perennial , it does not mean that you will enjoy year of upkeep - free gardening . perennial ask to be cared for just like any other plant life . One affair that distinguishes perennials is that they tend to be active raiser that have to be thinned out on occasion or they will liberate vigor .
As perennial plant , it is authoritative to prune them back and thin them out occasionally . This will prevent them from completely taking over an domain to the exclusion of other plants , and also will increase air circulation thereby boil down the incidence of diseases like botrytis and powdery mold .
Many species also blossom abundantly and bring forth ample seed . As flower fade it is advisable to deadhead your plant ; that is , to remove spend flowers before they make seeded player . This will forbid your plants from seed all over the garden and will economise the considerable energy it choose the plant to bring about ejaculate .
As perennial mature , they may shape a dumb root mass that eventually lead to a less vigorous flora . It is advisable to occasionally thin out a standpoint of such perennials . By dividing the root system , you’re able to make new works to imbed in another field of the garden or give away . Also settle down pruning will stimulate young growth and restore the industrial plant . Most perennial may be successfully divided in either spring or fall . Do a little homework ; some perennials do have a preference . How - to : groom ContainersContainersare excellent when used as an ornamental characteristic , a planting pick when there is little or no filth to engraft in , or for plants that require a dirt type not found in the garden or when soil drainage in the garden is inferior . If develop more than one plant in a container , check that that all have interchangeable cultural essential . Choose a container that is deep and large enough to allow root development and increment as well as proportional residuum between the fully arise plant life and the container . Plant large containers in the place you stand for them to stay put . All containers should have drainage holes . A mesh covert , broken clay skunk pieces(crock ) or a paper coffee filter placed over the hole will keep territory from washing out . The potting soil you pick out should be an appropriate mixing for the plant you have pick out . Quality grunge ( or soil - less medias ) absorb moisture pronto and evenly when wet . If water supply runs off soil upon initial making water , this is an indicant that your soil may not be as good as you remember .
Prior to filling a container with soil , wet potting soil in the bag or place in a tub or lawn cart so that it is evenly moist . Fill container about midway full or to a level that will allow plant life , when planted , to be just below the rim of the pot . Rootballs should be level with territory line when project is complete . Water well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennials for your garden by consider sunshine and shade through the sidereal day , photograph , water necessity , climate , grime make-up , seasonal color desired , and position of other garden plants and trees .
The best times to plant are spring and evenfall , when stain is workable and out of risk of icing . Fall planting have the reward that roots can develop and not have to contend with developing top development as in the saltation . Spring is more desirable for perennials that dislike wet conditions or for cold areas , let full administration before first wintertime . Planting in summertime or winter is not advisable for most plants , unless plant a more established sized plant .
To plant container - grown plants : train planting holes with appropriate depth and space between . Water the plant thoroughly and let the excess water drain before carefully removing from the container . cautiously loosen the root ball and aim the plant in the hole , working soil around the roots as you fill . If the plant is extremely root bound , separate roots with fingers . A few slits made with a pocket knife are okay , but should be kept to a minimum . Continue fill in grime and water thoroughly , protecting from direct sun until stable .
To plant spare - root plants : Plant as soon as potential after leverage . Prepare suitable planting holes , broadcast roots and work soil among theme as you fill in . weewee well and protect from direct Lord’s Day until static .
To plant seedling : A act of perennial grow self - sown seedling that can be transplanted . You may also set out your own seedling bottom for transplanting . train worthy planting holes , spacing appropriately for plant growing . Gently lift the seedling and as much surrounding soil as potential with your garden trowel , and replant it like a shot , firming soil with fingertip and urine well . Shade from verbatim Lord’s Day and weewee on a regular basis until static . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake sure that the plant you have choose is suitable for the conditions you are able to provide it : that it will have enough unclouded , quad , and a temperature it will like . Remember that the domain right next to a windowpane will be colder than the rest of the room .
Indoor plants need to be transplanted into a big container sporadically , or they become pot / beginning - limit and their development is retarded . irrigate the plant well before starting , so the filth will obligate the root ball together when you dispatch it from the pot . If you have trouble getting the works out of the pot , try running a steel around the boundary of the passel , and lightly whacking the sides to loosen the soil .
Always use fresh grime when transplanting your indoor plant . Fill around the plant gently with soil , being deliberate not to pack too tightly – you want air travel to be able to get to the etymon . After the plant is in the new smoke , do n’t fertilize right away … this will promote the roots to fill in their new home .
The size pot you pick out is important too . Select one that is not more than about 1 inch capital in diameter . call up , many plant favour being jolly pot attach . Always start with a clean mint !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is found in most soils and enters the plant through the solution or the stem at stain horizontal surface . Prevention and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you suspect Rhizoctonia may be your trouble , decrease watering . If a flora is too far gone ( all the leaves from the bottom up are wilted ) , polish off it . If your flora is in a container , discard the soil too . Wash the pot with a 1 part bleach to 9 parts water solution . Fungicides can be used , according to label directions . Consult a professional for a effectual good word of what antifungal to utilise . Pest : ThripsThripsare little , fly insects that attack many type of flora and thrive in hot , juiceless conditions ( like heated houses ) . They can multiply quickly as a female can lie up to 300 eggs in a living span of 45 daytime without pairing . Most of the damage to works is cause by the young larva which prey on tender leaf and flush tissue . This leads to ill-shapen growth , injured peak flower petal and premature bloom drop cloth . Thrips also can channelize many harmful flora virus .
Prevention and Control : keep grass down and use screen on windows to keep them out . Remove or discard infested plants , keep them forth from non - infested industrial plant . Trap with yellow steamy cards or take reward of natural foe such as predatory jot . Sometimes a good steady shower of piddle will lave them off the flora . confabulate your local garden centre professional or county accommodative lengthiness office for sound chemic recommendations . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare little , 8 legged , wanderer - like creatures which thrive in hot , dry conditions ( like heated up house ) . Spider mites feast with piercing mouth percentage , which get plants to come along yellow and speckled . Leaf dip and plant death can occur with heavy plague . wanderer mites can breed quickly , as a female can lay up to 200 egg in a lifetime span of 30 days . They also grow a web which can cover infested folio and blossom .
Prevention and Control : Keep dope down and dispatch infested plants . ironical melody seems to worsen the problem , so check that plants are on a regular basis water , especially those preferring high humidity such as tropicals , citrus tree , or tomatoes . Always check new plants prior to bringing them home from the garden center or nursery . Take advantage of natural enemies such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is recommend by your local garden centre professional or county Cooperative Extension office , read and keep abreast all label commission . focus your campaign on the underside of the leaf as that is where spider mites generally live . Pest : MealybugsSmall , wingless , muted - white , easygoing - bodied worm that produce a waxy powdery covering . They have pierce / sucking back talk part that suck the sap out of plant tissue . Mealybugsoften look like small pieces of cotton plant and they tend to congregate where parting and halt branch . They assault a wide range of plant . The young tend to move around until they find a worthy eating topographic point , then they hang out in colonies and provender . Mealybugs can weaken a plant conduct to yellow-bellied foliage and leaf drop . They also make a sweet substance called honeydew ( covet by pismire ) which can lead to an unattractive grim surface fungous maturation call sooty mold .
Prevention and Control : Isolate infest plant from those that are not . Consult your local garden center professional or the Cooperative Extension office in your county for a legal insecticide / chemical recommendation . further natural enemies such as lady beetles in the garden to aid reduce population horizontal surface of mealy bugs . blighter : WhitefliesWhitefliesare small , fly insects that wait like petite moth , which attack many type of industrial plant . The flying adult stage prefer the underside of leaves to feed and breed . Whiteflies can multiply quickly as a female person can lay up to 500 eggs in a living span of 2 months . If a plant is infested with whiteflies , you will see a cloud of fleeing insects when the plant is disturbed . whitefly can weaken a works , eventually leading to plant death if they are not checked . They can carry many harmful plant virus . They also produce a sweet substance call up honeydew ( coveted by emmet ) which can head to an untempting black surface fungal growth called sooty mold .
Possible control : keep weeds down ; role screening in window to keep them out ; bump off overrun plant away from non - infested plants ; apply a reflective mulch ( aluminum transparency ) under plant ( this repels whiteflies ) ; trap with chickenhearted sticky cards , apply labeled pesticides ; advance raw enemies such as parasitic wasps in the garden ; and sometimes a good steady exhibitioner of water will wash them off the works . Pest : slug and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist climates and are mollusks , not insects . They can be voracious feeders , eat just about anything that is not woody or highly scented . They may eat golf hole in leaves , strip total stems , or completely devour seedlings and bid transplants , leaving behind tell - story silvery , slimy trails .
Prevention and control : Keep your garden as clean as possible , eliminating concealing plaza such as foliage debris , over - turned pots , and tarpaulin . Groundcover in shady places and hard mulches furnish protection from the elements and can be favourite hiding places . In the spring , police for and destroy testis ( cluster of small translucent spheres ) and adults during dusk and dawn . mark out beer traps from later leaping through drop .
Many chemical controls are available on the marketplace , but can be vicious and deadly for children and favourite ; take charge when using them - always learn the recording label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis usually found on plants that do not have enough aura circulation or equal light . problem are worse where night are cool and days are tender and humid . The powdery blank or gray fungus is unremarkably find on the upper surface of folio or yield . Leaves will often turn yellow or browned , curl up , and drop off . New leafage come forth crinkled and deformed . Fruit will be dwarfed and often drops early .
Prevention and Control : implant repellent varieties and space plants decently so they experience equal light and air circulation . Always weewee from below , prevent water off the foliage . This is predominant for roses . Go soft on the nitrogen fertiliser . Apply antifungal agent according to label charge before problem becomes severe and follow direction exactly , not miss any required treatment . Sanitation is a must - clean up and remove all leaves , flowers , or debris in the downslope and destroy . Fungi : Leaf SpotsLeaf spots are due to kingdom Fungi or bacterium . Brown or black spots and plot of ground may be either ragged or circular , with a water soaked or yellow - edge coming into court . dirt ball , rain , muddy garden tools , or even people can help oneself its spreadhead .
Prevention and Control : Remove infect leaves when the plant is dry . Leaves that collect around the infrastructure of the plant should be raked up and disposed of . Avoid overhead irrigation if possible ; piss should be direct at filth level . For fungal leaf spots , use a recommended fungicide according to label direction .
Pest : Scale InsectsScales are insects , have-to doe with to mealy bugs , that can be a trouble on a wide variety of plants - indoor and outdoor . Young scale crawl until they find a estimable alimentation internet site . The adult females then lose their peg and remain on a spot protected by its hard shell level . They come out as bumps , often on the low position of leaves . They have piercing mouth part that suck the sap out of plant tissue paper . Scales can weaken a works leading to yellow foliation and leaf drop . They also produce a sweet substance phone honeydew ( covet by ant ) which can lead to an untempting black open fungal ontogeny called jet-black mold .
Prevention and Control : Once established they are unvoiced to control . Isolate overrun plants off from those that are not infest . confer your local garden center professional or Cooperative Extension spot in your county for a legal recommendation regarding their control . Encourage born enemies such as epenthetic wasps in the garden . Fungi : Sooty MoldSooty cast is a fungus that is find on the surface of leaf . It feeds on honeydew melon excreted from aphids , mealy bugs , exfoliation , or ants . Though not serious , it is unattractive when it covers / blackens the foliage and stems of the plant . The best room to control sooty cast is to operate the insects that make the honeydew . Sooty moulding can usually be wipe from leave-taking with a damp cloth or launder aside with a hosiery - end sprayer .
