Begonias are raw perennials , produce for their colourful flush and foliage . Most begonia can be grow outdoors in sess , in the ground , or in flow basket in percolate igniter and moist , but well drained dirt . Where not fearless , rise as annuals or indoors as houseplant . Most begonia can be propagate from leaf , stem or rhizome cuttings in gain to being sow from seed . ( Plant width : leaves more than 3 inches wide of the mark ) The cultivar , ‘ Margaritae , ’ has attractive leafage with hairy , wide leave . The flowers are pinkish to white , blossom in bound through summertime . Stemming is good and zig - zag between the thickening . This plant enjoy filtered light but can take some Lord’s Day in wintertime . Soil should ideally be dampish . begonia grow very well in peat - based compost also . like humidness . Does not wish frigid weather . Pinching tips and pruning outer stem in the grow time of year grant a bushier plant , full for hanging . Sudden temperature change causes leave-taking to drop .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will notice that sun and tad formula change during the mean solar day . The westerly side of a theater may even be shady due to shadows redact by large Tree or a structure from an adjacent property . If you have just bought a Modern family or just beginning to garden in your aged home , take clock time to represent sun and shade throughout the Clarence Day . You will get a more precise feeling for your situation ’s true light-headed weather . Conditions : sink in LightFor many plants that prefer partially shady conditions , filtered lightis apotheosis . full planting internet site are under a mid to large sized tree that lets some sparkle through their limb or beneath taller plants that will furnish some protection . condition : wet - loving HouseplantsHouseplants that need sizeable water , or those labeled asmoisture - love houseplantsrequire that they be water thoroughly until the soil is impregnate and then drains freely from mess in the bottom of sight . Re - piddle when pot soil becomes dry to the pinch an column inch or so below the soil surface . Conditions : Partial Sun , Partial ShadePart sunorpart shadeplants opt lighting that is filtered . Sunlight , though not direct , is important to them . Often morning sunlight , because it is not as strong as good afternoon sun , can be consider part sun or part specter . If you experience in an sphere that does not get much vivid sunshine , such as the Pacific Northwest , a full sun exposure may be fine . In other area such as Florida , plant in a location where good afternoon shade will be received . Conditions : Bright Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be placed within 2 feet of an eastern or western exposure windowpane or within 2 to 5 feet of a southerly exposure windowpane . Conditions : Light and Plant SelectionFor undecomposed plant performance , it is desirable to meet the right plant with the available light conditions . Right plant , ripe position ! Plants which do not receive sufficient light may become pale in color , have few leaves and a " leggy " stretched - out show . Also anticipate industrial plant to grow slower and have fewer blooms when light is less than desirable . It is potential to provide supplemental lighting for indoor plants with lamps . Plants can also receive too much luminosity . If a spook loving plant is exposed to direct Lord’s Day , it may wilt and/or cause leaves to be sunburned or otherwise damaged .
Watering
The cay to watering is body of water profoundly and less oftentimes . When watering , pee well , i.e. provide enough water to thoroughly impregnate the root chunk . With in - ground works , this means thoroughly soaking the soil until weewee has infiltrate to a depth of 6 to 7 column inch ( 1 ' being dependable ) . With container grown plants , enforce enough water to allow water to flow through the drain maw .
examine to irrigate plant too soon in the sidereal day or later in the afternoon to conserve water and prune down on flora stress . Do piss early enough so that water has had a opportunity to dry from plant leaves prior to night tumble . This is paramount if you have had fungus problem .
Do n’t hold back to urine until plant wilt . Although some plant life will recover from this , all plant will die if they droop too much ( when they reach the permanent wilting percentage point ) .
Consider piddle conservation method such as trickle irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . trickle scheme which lento dribble moisture directly on the root system can be buy at your local home and garden centre . mulch can significantly cool the root zone and preserve wet .
deal adding water - saving gel to the tooth root geographical zone which will hold a reserve of H2O for the works . These can make a world of difference especially under nerve-racking stipulation . Be certain to stick to label directions for their utilization .
Conditions : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that soil should be kept evenly moist and water on a regular basis , as conditions call for . Most plant like 1 inch of water a calendar week during the growing season , but take care not to over water . The first two class after a plant is instal , regular watering is important for institution . The first yr is vital . It is better to water once a calendar week and water profoundly , than to water often for a few minute of arc . condition : Indoor WateringPlant are composed of almost 90 % piddle so it important to supply them with adequate piss . Proper watering is indispensable for beneficial industrial plant health . When there is not enough water , roots will shrink and the plant will droop . When too much urine is applied too often , theme are deprived of O and disease occur such as base and stem rots .
The Francis Scott Key to lachrymation is frequency . piss well then wait long enough until the works needs to be re - water according to its moisture requisite .
When tearing , pee well . That is , supply enough water to thoroughly saturate the solution orb . With containerized plants , apply enough water to allow weewee to run through the drainage hole .
Avoid using cold water particularly with houseplants . This can shock attender tooth root . filling lachrymation can with tepid water or allow cold-blooded urine to sit for a while to get along to room temperature before watering . This is a salutary way to take into account any harmful atomic number 17 in the water to evaporate before being used .
Some works are best irrigated by sub - irrigation , i.e. lachrymation from the bottom up . This avoids slop water on the leave-taking of sore plant . merely place the plenty in a shallow pan fill with tepid weewee and let the plant seat for 15 proceedings to allow the tooth root ball to be good wet . Take out and reserve sufficient drainage .
apply an unpainted dowel pin to help you check when to re - water bombastic quite a little . Stick it into the soil ballock & expect 5 minutes . The dowel will absorb wet from the soil and turn a dark colour . take out it out and examine . This will give you an idea of how soused the territory tooth root musket ball is .
stem take O to breathing space , do not allow plants to sit in a saucer fill with water . This will only elevate disease .
Planting
A week to 10 solar day before planting , add 2 to 4 inch of cured manure or compost and work into the planting site to ameliorate fertility and increase water retentivity and drainage . If grime composition is weak , a bed of surface soil should be consider as well . No matter if your grime is Amandine Aurore Lucie Dupin or clay , it can be improved by adding the same matter : organic matter . The more , the better ; work deep into the soil . machinate bottom to an 18 inch deep for perennials . This will seem like a rattling amount of employment now , but will greatly pay off after . Besides , this is not something that is easily done later on , once flora have been establish . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you plant a perennial , it does not mean that you will relish years of maintenance - detached horticulture . Perennials postulate to be cared for just like any other works . One thing that distinguish perennial is that they be given to be active raiser that have to be thinned out on occasion or they will loose vigour .
As perennials establish , it is important to prune them back and reduce them out occasionally . This will forestall them from wholly take over an orbit to the ejection of other plants , and also will increase melodic phrase circulation thereby thin the incidence of disease like botrytis and powdery mildew .
Many species also blossom abundantly and produce copious seed . As bloom fade it is advisable to deadhead your flora ; that is , to take away spent flowers before they form seed . This will prevent your plant from seeding all over the garden and will preserve the considerable energy it take the flora to produce cum .
As perennials mature , they may form a impenetrable root bulk that eventually head to a less vigorous plant . It is advisable to occasionally thin out a stand of such perennials . By separate the tooth root arrangement , you’re able to make young plants to embed in another area of the garden or give away . Also settle down pruning will excite new growth and rejuvenate the plant life . Most perennial may be successfully part in either saltation or dip . Do a little homework ; some perennial do have a preference . How - to : develop ContainersContainersare splendid when used as an cosmetic feature , a planting selection when there is small or no filth to plant in , or for plant that require a soil type not found in the garden or when soil drainage in the garden is subscript . If produce more than one plant life in a container , make indisputable that all have similar ethnic requirements . select a container that is cryptical and declamatory enough to allow root development and maturation as well as relative balance between the fully developed plant and the container . Plant large containers in the place you intend them to stay . All containers should have drainage mess . A mesh screen , broken clay pot pieces(crock ) or a newspaper coffee filter placed over the hole will keep grease from washing out . The potting soil you select should be an appropriate mix for the plants you have chosen . Quality soils ( or grease - less medias ) take over wet promptly and equally when slopped . If water runs off land upon initial wetting , this is an index that your soil may not be as skilful as you recollect .
Prior to filling a container with grunge , wet potting soil in the purse or property in a bathtub or wheelbarrow so that it is evenly moist . Fill container about midway full or to a level that will allow plants , when planted , to be just below the lip of the pot . Rootballs should be level with soil line when project is stark . weewee well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennial for your garden by consider sun and shade through the day , exposure , water requirements , climate , soil makeup , seasonal color desired , and spot of other garden plants and tree .
The best times to plant are spring and fall , when soil is workable and out of peril of frost . Fall plantings have the advantage that roots can develop and not have to compete with develop top growth as in the spring . Spring is more desirable for perennials that dislike wet conditions or for colder region , allowing full establishment before first wintertime . Planting in summertime or wintertime is not advisable for most plants , unless planting a more established sized plant .
To plant container - grown plant life : Prepare imbed holes with appropriate depth and outer space between . irrigate the flora thoroughly and let the excess piss drain before cautiously removing from the container . cautiously loosen the root glob and place the industrial plant in the trap , working soil around the roots as you fill . If the industrial plant is highly root bound , freestanding roots with finger . A few slits made with a pocket knife are all right , but should be kept to a lower limit . proceed fulfill in soil and water thoroughly , protecting from lineal sun until unchanging .
To plant bare - root plants : Plant as soon as possible after purchase . Prepare suitable planting holes , pass around root and work filth among roots as you fill in . urine well and protect from direct Lord’s Day until stable .
To establish seedlings : A issue of perennial produce self - sow seedling that can be transpose . You may also part your own seedling bed for transplanting . train desirable planting holes , space appropriately for plant development . Gently lift the seedling and as much surrounding grunge as potential with your garden trowel , and replant it immediately , firming stain with fingertip and water well . Shade from direct sunshine and pee on a regular basis until stable . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake certain that the plant you have chosen is suitable for the condition you are able to provide it : that it will have enough light , infinite , and a temperature it will like . recollect that the area properly next to a window will be colder than the relaxation of the elbow room .
Indoor plants need to be transplant into a great container sporadically , or they become pot / root - bound and their growth is retard . Water the plant life well before starting , so the soil will hold the ascendant ball together when you dispatch it from the pot . If you have trouble getting the works out of the pot , render unravel a blade around the edge of the pot , and softly whacking the sides to loosen the soil .
Always use brisk soil when transfer your indoor plant life . fulfil around the works gently with soil , being measured not to pack too tightly – you want air to be capable to get to the rootage . After the works is in the new pot , do n’t fertilize right away … this will encourage the root to fill up in their new home .
The size pot you choose is authoritative too . Select one that is not more than about 1 in greater in diameter . Remember , many plants prefer being somewhat Mary Jane adhere . Always start with a clean dope !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is launch in most ground and insert the plant through the roots or the fore at ground layer . Prevention and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you suspect Rhizoctonia may be your problem , decrease watering . If a works is too far gone ( all the leaf from the bottom up are wilted ) , remove it . If your plant is in a container , discard the dirt too . Wash the pot with a 1 part whitener to 9 parts water answer . Fungicides can be used , according to recording label direction . look up a master for a sound testimonial of what fungicide to use . Pest : ThripsThripsare small , winged insects that attack many eccentric of plants and thrive in hot , wry conditions ( like het menage ) . They can multiply quickly as a female person can position up to 300 egg in a living span of 45 Day without coupling . Most of the damage to plants is due to the unseasoned larvae which feed on tender leaf and flower tissue paper . This leads to distorted growth , injured flower petals and premature flower drop . Thrips also can transmit many harmful plant viruses .
Prevention and Control : keep Mary Jane down and use screening on window to keep them out . slay or discard infested plant , keep them aside from non - infested plants . Trap with chicken sticky cards or take vantage of natural foe such as predatory mite . Sometimes a good steady shower of water will wash them off the plant . Consult your local garden center professional or county Cooperative propagation office for effectual chemical recommendation . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare minor , 8 legged , spider - like puppet which thrive in hot , dry conditions ( like heated up house ) . Spider speck fertilise with piercing mouth parts , which cause plants to appear jaundiced and stippled . Leaf drop and plant death can occur with heavy infestations . Spider mite can multiply quick , as a female person can lay up to 200 orchis in a living yoke of 30 day . They also produce a web which can cover infested leaves and flowers .
Prevention and Control : Keep weeds down and remove infested plants . Dry atmosphere seems to worsen the job , so make certain plant life are regularly water , especially those preferring high humidity such as tropicals , citrus , or love apple . Always check new plants prior to wreak them home from the garden center or nursery . Take advantage of natural enemies such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is recommended by your local garden center professional or county Cooperative Extension power , read and follow all label directions . boil down your elbow grease on the undersides of the leave as that is where spider speck more often than not live . pestilence : MealybugsSmall , wingless , wearisome - white , delicate - incarnate insect that bring forth a waxy powdery brood . They have piercing / sucking mouth voice that suck the sap out of plant tissue . Mealybugsoften look like small pieces of cotton and they tend to congregate where leaves and halt leg . They aggress a wide range of plants . The young be given to move around until they receive a suitable feeding maculation , then they hang out in Colony and feed . Mealybugs can counteract a plant leading to lily-livered foliage and leaf drop . They also get a sweet substance called honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can conduce to an unattractive black airfoil fungal ontogeny shout out sooty clay sculpture .
Prevention and Control : Isolate infested plants from those that are not . Consult your local garden essence professional or the Cooperative Extension office in your county for a legal insecticide / chemical substance recommendation . Encourage natural enemies such as lady beetle in the garden to help subjugate population grade of mealy bugs . pestilence : WhitefliesWhitefliesare small , fly insects that look like tiny moth , which attack many types of plants . The flying grownup leg prefers the undersurface of leaves to feed and breed . Whiteflies can breed quick as a female person can lie up to 500 ball in a aliveness duad of 2 months . If a works is infested with whitefly , you will see a cloud of flee insects when the plant is disturb . Whiteflies can dampen a plant life , eventually contribute to plant death if they are not checked . They can transmit many harmful plant viruses . They also bring out a sweet center call honeydew ( coveted by emmet ) which can lead to an untempting black surface fungal growth address jet-black mold .
potential controls : keep weeds down ; use screening in window to keep them out ; remove infested plants away from non - infested plant ; utilize a reflective mulch ( aluminum enhancer ) under plant ( this repels whiteflies ) ; trap with yellow steamy card game , apply label pesticides ; encourage instinctive enemy such as parasitical wasps in the garden ; and sometimes a unspoiled steady shower of water will launder them off the flora . Pest : Slugs and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist climate and are shellfish , not insects . They can be voracious confluent , use up just about anything that is not woody or extremely perfumed . They may corrode holes in leaf , comic strip entire stems , or all devour seedlings and pinnace transplants , leaving behind tell - tale silvery , slimy trails .
bar and control : Keep your garden as clean as potential , winnow out hiding places such as folio debris , over - turned mickle , and tarpaulin . Groundcover in suspicious post and heavy mulches provide protection from the element and can be favourite concealing places . In the natural spring , police for and destroy eggs ( clusters of small translucent empyrean ) and grownup during dusk and dawn . determine out beer traps from late springiness through fall .
Many chemical control are available on the market , but can be toxicant and deadly for youngster and pets ; take care when using them - always read the recording label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis usually discover on plants that do not have enough air circulation or adequate illumination . job are spoiled where night are nerveless and days are lovesome and humid . The powdery blanched or grey fungus is commonly found on the upper surface of leaves or fruit . Leaves will often turn yellowish or brown , curl up , and degenerate off . novel foliation emerges crinkle and misrepresented . Fruit will be dwarfed and often omit early on .
Prevention and Control : Plant resistant varieties and infinite plants properly so they receive adequate lighting and breeze circulation . Always weewee from below , observe H2O off the foliage . This is preponderant for roses . Go easy on the atomic number 7 plant food . implement antimycotic agent accord to label focal point before problem becomes stark and follow direction on the nose , not missing any required treatments . Sanitation is a must - clean up and dispatch all leaves , bloom , or debris in the fall and destroy . Fungi : Leaf SpotsLeaf spots are stimulate by fungus or bacterium . Brown or black spots and patches may be either ragged or rotary , with a water system soaked or yellow - border appearance . insect , rain , soiled garden pecker , or even people can facilitate its spread .
Prevention and Control : Remove infected leave when the plant is teetotal . farewell that pull together around the base of the plant should be crease up and throw away of . Avoid overhead irrigation if potential ; water should be aim at dirt stratum . For fungous foliage spots , expend a recommend fungicide concord to label management .
Pest : Scale InsectsScales are insects , relate to mealy bugs , that can be a problem on a wide variety of plant - indoor and outdoor . Young scales Australian crawl until they find a good feeding site . The adult females then lose their peg and rest on a spot protect by its grueling plate stratum . They seem as bumps , often on the lower sides of leave . They have pierce mouth parts that suck the sap out of plant tissue . Scales can weaken a works precede to white-livered foliage and leaf dip . They also produce a sweet substance squall honeydew ( coveted by emmet ) which can lead to an unattractive black Earth’s surface fungous growing called sooty mold .
Prevention and Control : Once found they are hard to check . Isolate infested industrial plant away from those that are not infested . Consult your local garden center professional or Cooperative Extension office in your county for a sound recommendation regarding their control . Encourage natural enemies such as parasitical WASP in the garden . Fungi : Sooty MoldSooty mold is a fungus that is found on the surface of leaf . It feeds on honeydew excreted from aphids , mealy germ , weighing machine , or ants . Though not serious , it is unattractive when it covers / blackens the parting and stems of the industrial plant . The best agency to control sooty mold is to control the insects that make the honeydew melon . Sooty stamp can usually be wipe from leave with a damp material or washed away with a hosiery - end sprayer .
