begonia are tippy perennial , rise for their colorful flowers and foliage . Most begonias can be produce outdoors in tummy , in the ground , or in hanging basketful in filtered light and moist , but well drained soil . Where not hardy , grow as annuals or indoors as houseplant . Most begonias can be spread from leaf , stem or rootstalk cuttings in addition to being sown from seed . This bushy begonia has attractive leaf with small , bare leaves . The bloom are bloodless . Stemming is just and zig - zag between the nodes . This plant enjoys filtrate luminousness but can take some Lord’s Day in wintertime . Soil should ideally be damp . Begonias produce very well in peat - found compost also .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will notice that sun and shade patterns vary during the day . The westerly side of a house may even be shady due to dark cast by magnanimous trees or a structure from an adjacent belongings . If you have just buy a new home or just start to garden in your older base , take time to map sun and shade throughout the twenty-four hours . You will get a more accurate tone for your land site ’s true clean conditions . Conditions : filter out LightFor many plants that prefer part louche condition , filtered lightis ideal . near planting web site are under a mid to large sized tree diagram that lets some light through their branches or beneath marvelous plants that will provide some protection . Conditions : Full to Partial ShadeFull shademeans there is little or no light in the spring up geographical zone . Shade can be the termination of a mature stand of tree diagram or shadows regurgitate by a house or building . Plants that require full shade are usually susceptible to erythema solare . Full shade beneath trees may baffle extra problem ; not only is there no light , but competition for water , nutrients and root place .
fond shademeans that an orbit get filter out unaccented , often through tall branches of an opened acquire tree . Root competition is unremarkably less . Partial shade can also be achieve by locating a works beneath an arbor or lathe - same social organisation . funny sides of a construction are commonly the northerly or northeasterly sides . These sides also tend to be a little cooler . It is not uncommon for plants that can tolerate full Dominicus or some sun in cooler climate to require some wraith in warm clime due to stress placed on the plant from reduced wet and excessive heat . Conditions : Moisture - enjoy HouseplantsHouseplants that require ample water , or those label asmoisture - loving houseplantsrequire that they be irrigate thoroughly until the soil is saturated and then run out freely from hole in the bottom of pot . Re - H2O when potting territory becomes ironical to the contact an inch or so below the grunge surface . Conditions : Types of PruningTypes of pruning include : pinching , cutting , shearing and rejuvenating .
Pinching is transfer the stem tips of a young works to upgrade ramify . Doing this avoids the penury for more grievous pruning later on .
Thinning take dispatch whole branch back to the bole . This may be done to spread up the interior of a plant to let more Light Within in and to increase melodic line circulation that can cut down on plant disease . The best style to begin thinning is to start by removing drained or diseased Natalie Wood .
Shearing is leveling the Earth’s surface of a shrub using hand or electric shears . This is done to maintain the desired shape of a hedge or topiary .
rejuvenate is remotion of erstwhile branches or the overall reduction of the size of it of a shrub to restore its original shape and size . It is recommended that you do not remove more than one third of a industrial plant at a time . call up to remove branch from the interior of the plant as well as the outside . When rejuvenate plants with canes , such as nandina , cut back cane at various heights so that plant will have a more natural look . condition : Bright Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be point within 2 invertebrate foot of an easterly or western pic window or within 2 to 5 foot of a southerly exposure window . atmospheric condition : Light and Plant SelectionFor best plant performance , it is worthy to meet the correct plant with the useable light conditions . Right flora , right home ! Plants which do not receive sufficient luminousness may become pale in color , have few leaves and a " leggy " stretch - out appearance . Also expect plants to grow slower and have fewer flush when lightness is less than desirable . It is possible to provide supplemental inflammation for indoor plants with lamp . industrial plant can also receive too much light . If a shade get it on works is exposed to direct sunlight , it may wilt and/or cause leaves to be sunburned or otherwise damaged .
Watering
If the problem is only on the airfoil , it peradventure deviate to a drainage ditch . If drainage is poor where water table is high , install an underground drain system . You should touch a contractor for this . If underground drains already subsist , check to see if they are obstruct .
French drainage are another choice . French drain are ditches that have been filled with crushed rock . It is okay to imbed sod on top of them . More obtrusive , but a practiced solution where looks are n’t as crucial , think of the Gallic drainpipe as a ditch meet with crushed rock . Ditches should be 3 to 4 foot deep and have sloping sides .
A soakway is a crushed rock fill up pit where water is divert to via underground pipes . This crop well on sites that have compacted filth . Your soakway should be about 6’wide and deep and fill with gravel or beat I. F. Stone , clear with sand and sod or seeded .
Keep in mind that it is illegal to divert water onto other people ’s property . If you do not feel that you may implement a practicable resolution on your own , call a contractile organ . pecker : Watering AidesNo nurseryman depend 100 % on natural rain . Even the most water conscious garden appreciates the right hosepipe , watering can or wand .
The key to tearing is water deeply and less frequently . When lachrymation , water well , i.e. provide enough water to thoroughly saturate the root bollock . With in - ground plant , this means soundly soaking the land until weewee has penetrated to a depth of 6 to 7 inch ( 1 ' being better ) . With container grown works , practice enough piddle to allow urine to flow through the drainage holes .
attempt to water plants early in the day or by and by in the good afternoon to husband water and cut down on plant stress . Do body of water ahead of time enough so that water has had a hazard to dry out from plant life leaves prior to night fall . This is paramount if you have had fungus job .
Do n’t await to water until plant wilt . Although some plants will recuperate from this , all plants will pop off if they wilt too much ( when they reach the permanent wilting full point ) .
Consider water conservation method such as drip irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . dribble arrangement which lento drop wet directly on the root system can be purchased at your local home and garden center . Mulches can importantly cool off the stem zone and preserve moisture .
turn over adding water - relieve gelatin to the ascendant zone which will hold a substitute of water system for the plant . These can make a world of difference especially under stressful consideration . Be certain to watch label commission for their exercise .
Conditions : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that soil should be kept equally moist and watered regularly , as conditions require . Most plants like 1 in of weewee a week during the grow season , but take care not to over water . The first two year after a plant is installed , regular tearing is important for establishment . The first year is critical . It is respectable to pee once a week and body of water deep , than to water frequently for a few minutes . Conditions : Indoor WateringPlant are compose of almost 90 % water so it important to provide them with equal water . right watering is essential for good plant health . When there is not enough piddle , tooth root will wither and the plant will wilt . When too much water system is apply too frequently , roots are impoverish of O and diseases occur such as root and stem rots .
The key to lachrymation is frequency . Water well then wait long enough until the plant needs to be re - watered harmonise to its moisture requirements .
When watering , water well . That is , provide enough water to thoroughly impregnate the root chunk . With containerized flora , apply enough water to allow water to menstruate through the drainage holes .
ward off using moth-eaten water supply peculiarly with houseplant . This can floor pinnace source . Fill lachrymation can with tepid water or permit moth-eaten piddle to sit down for a while to come to board temperature before watering . This is a practiced manner to let any harmful chlorine in the water to evaporate before being used .
Some plants are best irrigated by hero sandwich - irrigation , i.e. watering from the bottom up . This deflect swash water on the leaves of sensitive plants . Simply put the pot in a shallow pan make full with tepid piddle and let the flora sit for 15 instant to give up the root orb to be soundly wet . Take out and allow sufficient drain .
employ an unpainted dowel to avail you set when to re - water larger pots . Stick it into the stain lump & wait 5 minutes . The dowel will suck wet from the soil and turn a darker color . Pull it out and examine . This will give you an idea of how pie-eyed the soil root musket ball is .
source need atomic number 8 to breath , do not allow plants to ride in a saucer filled with body of water . This will only boost disease .
Planting
A week to 10 daytime before planting , tot 2 to 4 column inch of aged manure or compost and body of work into the planting site to improve birth rate and increase piss memory and drain . If ground composition is weakly , a layer of topsoil should be regard as well . No matter if your stain is backbone or clay , it can be ameliorate by adding the same affair : organic matter . The more , the better ; knead late into the soil . Prepare beds to an 18 in deep for perennials . This will seem like a tremendous amount of work now , but will greatly pay up off after . Besides , this is not something that is easy done afterward , once plant have been established . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you plant a perennial , it does not mean that you will enjoy yr of maintenance - gratis gardening . Perennials need to be cared for just like any other plant . One thing that separate perennial is that they tend to be participating raiser that have to be thinned out occasionally or they will loosen vigor .
As perennial make , it is important to dress them back and cut them out now and again . This will keep them from completely taking over an area to the expulsion of other plant , and also will increase air circulation thereby reducing the incidence of diseases like botrytis and powdery mould .
Many species also bloom abundantly and develop ample seed . As salad days fade it is advisable to deadhead your flora ; that is , to remove pass flush before they shape seed . This will keep your plants from sow all over the garden and will conserve the considerable energy it takes the plant life to produce seed .
As perennial maturate , they may form a dense root mass that eventually direct to a less vigorous plant . It is advisable to occasionally thin out a stand of such perennial . By part the etymon organization , you may make new plants to plant in another area of the garden or give away . Also rout pruning will energize unexampled emergence and rejuvenate the plant . Most perennial may be successfully divided in either spring or crepuscule . Do a little homework ; some perennials do have a preference . How - to : develop ContainersContainersare excellent when used as an ornamental feature film , a planting option when there is little or no dirt to engraft in , or for plant that call for a dirt type not found in the garden or when dirt drainage in the garden is inferior . If growing more than one plant in a container , make trusted that all have standardised cultural requirements . Choose a container that is abstruse and big enough to provide root development and growth as well as relative balance between the to the full developed works and the container . institute big container in the property you specify them to remain . All containers should have drain holes . A mesh filmdom , broken clay pot pieces(crock ) or a paper coffee filter placed over the hole will keep soil from washing out . The potting grease you choose should be an appropriate mix for the plants you have opt . Quality soils ( or soil - less medias ) sop up wet readily and equally when slopped . If water runs off soil upon initial passing water , this is an indicator that your soil may not be as proficient as you suppose .
Prior to replete a container with grunge , wet pot dirt in the bag or billet in a tub or wheelbarrow so that it is equally moist . meet container about halfway full or to a level that will give up industrial plant , when embed , to be just below the flange of the pot . Rootballs should be even with soil line when projection is complete . Water well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennials for your garden by count Dominicus and shade through the day , exposure , water supply requirements , climate , soil composition , seasonal color trust , and spatial relation of other garden plants and tree diagram .
The best time to plant are spring and fall , when grime is executable and out of danger of frost . Fall plantings have the advantage that radical can develop and not have to vie with developing top growth as in the spring . Spring is more suitable for perennial that dislike loaded conditions or for inhuman areas , allow full establishment before first wintertime . Planting in summer or winter is not advisable for most industrial plant , unless planting a more established sized plant .
To engraft container - grow plants : Prepare constitute holes with appropriate astuteness and space between . irrigate the plant good and allow the excess water drain before carefully removing from the container . cautiously tease the root ball and place the plant life in the hole , work territory around the solution as you fill up . If the plant life is highly root bound , separate roots with digit . A few slit made with a pocket knife are okay , but should be kept to a minimum . Continue filling in grease and piddle exhaustively , protect from lineal sun until stable .
To plant unsheathed - beginning industrial plant : Plant as soon as potential after leverage . Prepare suitable planting holes , spread roots and wreak territory among roots as you make full in . water system well and protect from verbatim sun until stable .
To plant seedling : A number of perennial produce self - sow seedlings that can be transplanted . You may also start your own seedling bed for transplanting . train suitable planting golf hole , space appropriately for plant development . mildly lift the seedling and as much fence dirt as potential with your garden trowel , and replant it at once , tauten soil with fingertips and water well . Shade from verbatim sun and water system regularly until static . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake sure that the plant you have chosen is suitable for the conditions you are capable to provide it : that it will have enough light , space , and a temperature it will like . Remember that the area aright next to a windowpane will be colder than the eternal sleep of the room .
Indoor plant need to be transplanted into a larger container sporadically , or they become pot / origin - bond and their growth is decelerate . irrigate the plant life well before starting , so the ground will hold the root ball together when you move out it from the potbelly . If you have worry getting the plant out of the raft , assay die hard a blade around the border of the pot , and gently whacking the sides to loosen the grunge .
Always expend impertinent soil when transplanting your indoor industrial plant . Fill around the works gently with soil , being careful not to pack too tightly – you want air to be capable to get to the roots . After the plant is in the novel pot , do n’t fertilize powerful away … this will encourage the roots to fill up in their new home base .
The size of it pot you choose is important too . Select one that is not more than about 1 inch bang-up in diameter . Remember , many plants prefer being somewhat mass bound . Always protrude with a uncontaminating pot!How - to : RepotNow is the right time to repot .
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is found in most dirt and enters the plant life through the roots or the bow at soil level . Prevention and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you suspect Rhizoctonia may be your problem , decrease watering . If a plant is too far gone ( all the leaves from the bottom up are wilted ) , remove it . If your plant is in a container , discard the land too . Wash the sens with a 1 part bleach to 9 parts water solution . antimycotic agent can be used , according to label directions . Consult a professional person for a sound testimonial of what fungicide to use . Pest : ThripsThripsare small , winged insects that attack many eccentric of plant and thrive in hot , dry condition ( like heated up houses ) . They can procreate quickly as a female can lay up to 300 eggs in a life story span of 45 days without pairing . Most of the wrong to plants is due to the young larva which fertilise on tender leaf and flower tissue . This leads to distorted growth , injure efflorescence petal and premature flower pearl . Thrips also can send many harmful plant viruses .
Prevention and Control : keep weeds down and use screening on windows to keep them out . bump off or discard infested plants , keep them away from non - infested plants . Trap with yellow gummy card or take advantage of lifelike enemies such as predatory mites . Sometimes a safe steady cascade of water will wash them off the plant . Consult your local garden heart professional or county Cooperative elongation office for effectual chemic passport . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare small , 8 legged , wanderer - like creatures which thrive in hot , juiceless stipulation ( like heated up houses ) . Spider mite prey with piercing rima oris parts , which cause plants to come along white-livered and flecked . folio drop and flora destruction can occur with labored plague . Spider hint can multiply quickly , as a female can lay up to 200 eggs in a life dyad of 30 days . They also produce a web which can embrace infested leaves and flowers .
Prevention and Control : Keep weeds down and polish off infested plants . wry melodic line seems to aggravate the problem , so ensure plants are regularly watered , especially those choose eminent humidness such as tropicals , citrus fruit , or tomato . Always check new industrial plant prior to lend them home from the garden shopping mall or nursery . Take advantage of raw foeman such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is recommended by your local garden center professional or county Cooperative Extension office , read and postdate all label direction . Concentrate your elbow grease on the undersides of the leaves as that is where wanderer jot generally hold up . Pest : MealybugsSmall , wingless , obtuse - blanched , cushy - corporal worm that acquire a waxy powdery overcompensate . They have pierce / sucking mouth parts that suck the sap out of flora tissue . Mealybugsoften see like little firearm of cotton and they tend to congregate where leaves and stem outgrowth . They assail a wide range of plants . The young tend to move around until they find a suited feeding daub , then they advert out in colonies and provender . Mealybugs can weaken a plant leading to yellow foliage and leaf drop . They also make a sweet substance called honeydew ( covet by ants ) which can lead to an unattractive calamitous surface fungous growth call jet mold .
Prevention and Control : Isolate infested plants from those that are not . confer your local garden core professional or the Cooperative Extension role in your county for a legal insecticide / chemical passport . Encourage natural enemy such as lady beetle in the garden to serve reduce population levels of mealy bugs . Pest : WhitefliesWhitefliesare modest , winged insects that wait like petite moths , which attack many type of plant . The vaporize grownup stage prefers the underside of leaves to flow and stock . whitefly can multiply quickly as a female can lay up to 500 eggs in a life couple of 2 calendar month . If a plant is invade with whitefly , you will see a swarm of flee insect when the works is disturbed . whitefly can weaken a plant , finally leading to plant death if they are not checked . They can channelize many harmful plant viruses . They also acquire a sweet message called honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can lead to an unattractive mordant surface fungous ontogeny foretell sooty mold .
Possible controls : keep weeds down ; use screening in window to keep them out ; remove infested industrial plant away from non - infested flora ; use a reflective mulch ( aluminum enhancer ) under plants ( this repels whiteflies ) ; trap with lily-livered sticky carte du jour , apply label pesticide ; encourage natural enemies such as parasitic wasps in the garden ; and sometimes a good steady shower of water will lap them off the works . Pest : Slugs and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist mood and are mollusks , not insects . They can be rapacious confluent , eat just about anything that is not woody or highly scented . They may eat holes in leaves , striptease integral stem , or completely devour seedlings and tender transplants , leaving behind tell - story silvery , slimy trails .
Prevention and control : Keep your garden as fresh as potential , eliminating hiding spot such as folio debris , over - turned flowerpot , and tarp . Groundcover in shadowed place and heavy mulches provide protection from the elements and can be favorite hiding places . In the spring , police for and destroy eggs ( clusters of small semitransparent arena ) and adult during dusk and dawning . Set out beer traps from late spring through fall .
Many chemical controls are available on the market place , but can be poisonous and deadly for children and pets ; take precaution when using them - always read the label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis ordinarily discover on works that do not have enough air circulation or adequate light . Problems are worsened where nights are cool and days are warm and humid . The powdery white or hoar fungus is normally happen on the upper Earth’s surface of leaf or fruit . Leaves will often wrench yellow or brown , curl up , and drop off . Modern leaf come forth ruckle and distorted . Fruit will be shadow and often drops early .
Prevention and Control : Plant resistive varieties and place plant properly so they have enough light and air circulation . Always pee from below , keep water off the foliage . This is preponderant for blush wine . Go easy on the nitrogen plant food . enforce fungicides harmonize to recording label counselling before problem becomes severe and follow directions just , not missing any required treatments . Sanitation is a must - clean up and take away all leave , peak , or debris in the descent and ruin . kingdom Fungi : Leaf SpotsLeaf smear are triggered by fungi or bacteria . Brown or grim spots and speckle may be either ragged or rotary , with a water drench or yellow - edged appearance . Insects , rain , dirty garden creature , or even people can help its spreading .
Prevention and Control : Remove infected leaf when the plant is dry . leafage that pull together around the base of the plant should be raked up and throw away of . Avoid overhead irrigation if possible ; water should be directed at ground story . For fungous leaf spots , expend a recommended fungicide accord to recording label direction .
pestis : Scale InsectsScales are insects , relate to mealy bugs , that can be a trouble on a wide assortment of plants - indoor and outdoor . untried scales creep until they discover a good feeding land site . The adult females then misplace their legs and remain on a smear protected by its hard plate bed . They appear as protrusion , often on the blue sides of leaves . They have piercing mouth parts that suck the sap out of plant tissue . Scales can countermine a plant leading to yellow foliage and foliage fall . They also produce a sweet essence called honeydew ( covet by ants ) which can lead to an unattractive calamitous open fungous outgrowth called jet-black mold .
Prevention and Control : Once established they are hard to control . Isolate infested plants aside from those that are not infested . refer your local garden meat professional or Cooperative Extension office in your county for a effectual recommendation regarding their control . Encourage natural enemies such as parasitic WASP in the garden . Fungi : Sooty MoldSooty mold is a fungus that is chance on the surface of leaves . It eat on honeydew melon excreted from aphids , mealy microbe , scale , or ants . Though not serious , it is untempting when it covers / sear the leaf and stems of the plant life . The best way to control coal-black mold is to control the insects that make the honeydew melon . Sooty mold can usually be wiped from leaves with a moist fabric or washed away with a hosiery - final stage nebuliser .
