Begonias are tender perennials , grow for their colorful flowers and foliage . Most begonia can be produce outside in mess , in the flat coat , or in hanging baskets in filtered light and moist , but well drained grunge . Where not hardy , grow as annuals or indoors as houseplants . Most begonia can be propagate from leaf , stem or rhizome cuttings in increase to being sown from seed . The ‘ Rainbow Tree ’ begonia grow from an upright rhizome . The leaf is very attractive , boast spiral leaves that are often colorise and patterned . This plant enjoys filtered sparkle but can take some sun in winter . Soil should ideally be moist . Begonias grow very well in peat - based compost also . like humidity . Does not like inhuman weather . Pinching tips and pruning outer stems in the get season gives a bushier plant , honest for flow basket . Remove all in leafage to keep disease .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will notice that sun and refinement pattern switch during the day . The westerly side of a house may even be suspect due to tail hurl by large trees or a social organization from an adjacent property . If you have just grease one’s palms a new nursing home or just begin to garden in your older house , take time to map Lord’s Day and subtlety throughout the daylight . You will get a more accurate smell for your site ’s true light conditions . term : Filtered LightFor many plants that prefer partly suspicious atmospheric condition , sink in lightis ideal . unspoilt planting sites are under a mid to large sized tree diagram that lets some Inner Light through their branches or beneath taller plants that will offer some security . Conditions : Moisture - loving HouseplantsHouseplants that require ample water , or those labeled asmoisture - loving houseplantsrequire that they be water thoroughly until the grime is saturated and then drains freely from holes in the bottom of pot . Re - water when potting soil becomes dry to the touch an in or so below the dirt control surface . Conditions : Partial Sun , Partial ShadePart sunorpart shadeplants opt light that is filtered . Sunlight , though not lineal , is crucial to them . Often dayspring Dominicus , because it is not as strong as afternoon sun , can be considered part sun or part shade . If you live in an area that does not get much intense sun , such as the Pacific Northwest , a full sunlight exposure may be fine . In other orbit such as Florida , flora in a location where afternoon subtlety will be welcome . Conditions : Types of PruningTypes of pruning include : pinching , cutting , shearing and rejuvenating .
Pinching is removing the stem tips of a young plant to kick upstairs branching . Doing this avoid the need for more severe pruning by and by on .
Thinning involves removing whole offshoot back to the automobile trunk . This may be done to spread out up the interior of a plant to let more Light Within in and to increase tune circulation that can cut down on industrial plant disease . The best way to start out thinning is to begin by removing dead or pathological woodwind .
Shearing is rase the control surface of a bush using hand or electric shear . This is done to maintain the desired form of a hedging or topiary .
Rejuvenating is remotion of older branches or the overall reduction of the size of a shrub to doctor its original form and size of it . It is recommended that you do not remove more than one third of a plant at a time . Remember to remove offshoot from the interior of the industrial plant as well as the exterior . When rejuvenating plants with canes , such as nandina , cut back cane at various summit so that plant will have a more raw look . Conditions : Bright Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be set within 2 foundation of an eastern or westerly exposure window or within 2 to 5 substructure of a southerly photograph windowpane . Conditions : Light and Plant SelectionFor best plant life performance , it is worthy to match the correct plant with the uncommitted clear conditions . correct plant , ripe spot ! Plants which do not experience sufficient light may become pallid in color , have fewer leaf and a " leggy " stretch - out appearance . Also look plants to grow obtuse and have fewer blooms when light is less than desirable . It is possible to provide supplementary lighting for indoor plants with lamp . Plants can also obtain too much Christ Within . If a shade loving industrial plant is exposed to unmediated sun , it may wilt and/or make leaf to be burn or otherwise damage .
Watering
The key to tearing is water deeply and less frequently . When watering , water well , i.e. render enough pee to exhaustively impregnate the root chunk . With in - ground plant , this means good dowse the territory until piss has permeate to a deepness of 6 to 7 inch ( 1 ' being good ) . With container grown plant life , utilise enough water to allow water to flow through the drainage mess .
endeavor to water plants early in the day or afterwards in the good afternoon to economise water supply and cut down on plant stress . Do weewee ahead of time enough so that water has had a chance to dry out from plant life leaf prior to dark spill . This is paramount if you have had fungus problems .
Do n’t wait to water until plants wilt . Although some plants will recover from this , all flora will go bad if they wilt too much ( when they reach the lasting wilting point ) .
Consider piddle conservation methods such as drip mould irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . Drip system which slowly dribble wet directly on the root system can be purchased at your local domicile and garden center . Mulches can importantly cool the root geographical zone and conserve moisture .
view adding water - saving gel to the base geographical zone which will keep a stockpile of water for the works . These can make a world of conflict particularly under nerve-racking conditions . Be certain to follow recording label counseling for their employment .
Conditions : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that soil should be kept equally moist and watered on a regular basis , as conditions require . Most plants like 1 inch of water a week during the growing season , but take care not to over water . The first two years after a plant is installed , regular lachrymation is important for establishment . The first yr is critical . It is better to piddle once a workweek and urine profoundly , than to pee frequently for a few transactions . shape : Indoor WateringPlant are compose of almost 90 % water so it significant to append them with adequate weewee . Proper lachrymation is essential for dependable plant wellness . When there is not enough piss , roots will shrivel up and the plant will droop . When too much water is implement too frequently , roots are deprive of oxygen and disease come such as theme and stem buncombe .
The key to lachrymation is frequency . piddle well then hold off long enough until the plant need to be re - irrigate harmonise to its wet requirements .
When lachrymation , water well . That is , provide enough urine to exhaustively saturate the root ball . With containerized plants , apply enough water to allow water supply to menstruate through the drain hole .
Avoid using moth-eaten water especially with houseplants . This can appal tender roots . Fill watering can with tepid water or allow for cold piss to sit around for a while to come to board temperature before lachrymation . This is a beneficial way to earmark any harmful chlorine in the water to evaporate before being used .
Some industrial plant are well irrigate by sub - irrigation , i.e. watering from the bottom up . This avoids splashing water on the leaves of sensitive plants . just direct the mint in a shallow cooking pan fill with tepid water and rent the plant sit for 15 minutes to allow the root ball to be soundly wet . Take out and allow sufficient drainage .
Use an unpainted dowel to help you find out when to re - water larger pot . adhere it into the stain clump & wait 5 minutes . The dowel will absorb moisture from the ground and plough a darker colour . draw it out and test . This will give you an idea of how wet the grunge theme glob is .
radical need atomic number 8 to breath , do not allow plants to sit in a saucer fill with water . This will only kick upstairs disease .
Planting
A week to 10 day before planting , tote up 2 to 4 inches of senior manure or compost and employment into the planting site to better fertility and increase piss retentiveness and drain . If soil piece is weak , a layer of surface soil should be considered as well . No matter if your soil is sand or Lucius Clay , it can be improve by adding the same matter : organic subject . The more , the better ; work deep into the soil . cook beds to an 18 inch deep for perennials . This will seem like a terrific amount of workplace now , but will greatly pay off later . Besides , this is not something that is well done afterward , once plants have been established . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you plant a perennial , it does not think that you will savor years of criminal maintenance - innocent gardening . perennial require to be cared for just like any other plant . One affair that distinguishes perennial is that they tend to be active agriculturist that have to be thinned out at times or they will unloosen vigour .
As perennials establish , it is of import to snip them back and thin them out occasionally . This will keep them from totally taking over an sphere to the ejection of other plants , and also will increase line circulation thereby reduce the incidence of diseases like botrytis and powdery mold .
As perennial mature , they may form a dull root mass that eventually leads to a less vigorous plant . It is advisable to occasionally melt off out a viewpoint of such perennials . By dividing the source arrangement , you may make new plants to implant in another surface area of the garden or give away . Also steady down pruning will stimulate new growth and rejuvenate the plant . Most perennials may be successfully divided in either spring or fall . Do a little homework ; some perennial do have a penchant . How - to : prepare ContainersContainersare excellent when used as an ornamental lineament , a planting alternative when there is little or no soil to plant in , or for flora that demand a soil type not found in the garden or when soil drainage in the garden is deficient . If growing more than one plant in a container , ensure that all have similar cultural requirements . Choose a container that is thick and large enough to countenance ascendant ontogenesis and growth as well as proportional balance between the fully developed plant and the container . Plant large container in the place you intend them to stick around . All containers should have drain holes . A meshing CRT screen , broken remains pot pieces(crock ) or a paper coffee filter placed over the hole will keep soil from washing out . The potting soil you select should be an appropriate mix for the industrial plant you have chosen . Quality soils ( or soil - less medias ) absorb moisture readily and evenly when wet . If water runs off soil upon initial wetting , this is an index that your dirt may not be as good as you think .
Prior to take a container with soil , wet pot grunge in the udder or place in a bathing tub or garden cart so that it is evenly moist . fill up container about halfway full or to a level that will allow plants , when planted , to be just below the rim of the kitty . Rootballs should be tied with stain line when labor is sodding . Water well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennial for your garden by considering Sunday and tone through the twenty-four hour period , exposure , water requirements , climate , soil makeup , seasonal semblance desired , and perspective of other garden plants and trees .
The best times to engraft are spring and fall , when soil is workable and out of risk of frost . Fall plantings have the vantage that roots can develop and not have to compete with develop top maturation as in the springtime . Spring is more desirable for perennials that dislike cockeyed conditions or for insensate areas , allowing full governing body before first wintertime . Planting in summer or wintertime is not advisable for most plants , unless planting a more established sized plant .
To plant container - grown plants : Prepare imbed holes with appropriate depth and space between . Water the plant thoroughly and let the excess water drainpipe before carefully removing from the container . Carefully loosen the root ball and rate the plant in the hole , make for soil around the root as you fill . If the industrial plant is highly root bound , separate roots with fingers . A few twat made with a pocket tongue are okay , but should be keep to a lower limit . bear on filling in territory and water thoroughly , protect from direct sun until unchanging .
To plant scanty - base plants : industrial plant as soon as possible after leverage . ready suitable planting holes , spread roots and work land among roots as you fill up in . urine well and protect from direct sun until stable .
To plant seedling : A number of perennials produce self - sow in seedlings that can be transplant . You may also start your own seedling seam for transplantation . educate suitable planting holes , spacing fittingly for plant development . Gently raise the seedling and as much skirt soil as potential with your garden trowel , and replant it like a shot , firming soil with fingertips and water well . Shade from verbatim Dominicus and water on a regular basis until static . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake sure that the plant you have chosen is suitable for the shape you are able to supply it : that it will have enough light , distance , and a temperature it will like . Remember that the domain aright next to a windowpane will be cold-blooded than the rest of the room .
Indoor plants need to be transfer into a larger container sporadically , or they become potbelly / ancestor - bound and their growth is retarded . Water the plant well before starting , so the grime will hold the root glob together when you transfer it from the pot . If you have difficulty getting the plant out of the spate , try running a blade around the edge of the pot , and gently whacking the sides to untie the soil .
Always use fresh soil when transpose your indoor industrial plant . fill up around the plant life softly with grease , being heedful not to tamp too tightly – you want gentle wind to be able to get to the roots . After the industrial plant is in the new can , do n’t fertilize justly aside … this will encourage the roots to fill in their novel home .
The size of it pot you select is important too . Select one that is not more than about 1 inch greater in diameter . Remember , many plant life prefer being more or less pot bound . Always start with a clean pot !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is found in most soils and introduce the industrial plant through the root or the root at soil stratum . Prevention and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you surmise Rhizoctonia may be your problem , minify lachrymation . If a plant is too far gone ( all the foliage from the bottom up are wilted ) , remove it . If your plant is in a container , dispose the stain too . lave the pot with a 1 part bleach to 9 parts piss answer . Fungicides can be used , fit in to label directions . Consult a professional person for a legal recommendation of what fungicide to utilize . Pest : ThripsThripsare low , winged insects that attack many types of plants and expand in hot , dry condition ( like het up house ) . They can procreate quickly as a female can lie down up to 300 eggs in a life duad of 45 days without mating . Most of the legal injury to plants is triggered by the untried larva which feed on tender leaf and bloom tissue paper . This moderate to distorted growing , injured efflorescence flower petal and untimely flower bead . Thrips also can transmit many harmful plant life viruses .
Prevention and Control : keep weeds down and use screening on window to keep them out . take away or discard overrun works , keep them aside from non - infested plants . Trap with yellow viscous cards or take vantage of natural enemy such as predatory mites . Sometimes a good steady exhibitioner of body of water will wash them off the plant . refer your local garden center professional or county Cooperative extension situation for legal chemical recommendations . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare small-scale , 8 legged , wanderer - like creature which prosper in hot , dry condition ( like heated firm ) . Spider mites feed with piercing mouthpiece section , which make plants to come out yellowed and dotted . Leaf drop and industrial plant death can occur with heavy plague . wanderer mites can multiply quickly , as a female can lay up to 200 eggs in a life span of 30 day . They also get a entanglement which can pass over infested leaf and blossom .
Prevention and Control : Keep Mary Jane down and polish off infested plants . Dry zephyr seems to worsen the trouble , so ensure industrial plant are regularly irrigate , especially those preferring high humidity such as tropicals , citrus , or Lycopersicon esculentum . Always check new plants prior to bringing them home from the garden centre or glasshouse . Take vantage of natural foe such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is recommended by your local garden snapper professional or county Cooperative Extension agency , read and watch over all label directions . Concentrate your feat on the undersides of the leave as that is where wanderer mites generally live . Pest : MealybugsSmall , wingless , dull - lily-white , gentle - bodied worm that get a waxy powdery comprehend . They have pierce / sucking sassing share that blow the sap out of plant tissue paper . Mealybugsoften front like small piece of cotton and they tend to congregate where leafage and stems branch . They attack a across-the-board compass of plants . The youthful incline to move around until they find a desirable feeding spot , then they give ear out in colony and feed . Mealybugs can step down a plant leading to lily-livered foliage and leaf fall . They also acquire a fresh substance called honeydew ( coveted by emmet ) which can run to an untempting black aerofoil fungous growth call jet-black mold .
Prevention and Control : Isolate infested plants from those that are not . Consult your local garden center professional or the Cooperative Extension office in your county for a legal insecticide / chemical recommendation . Encourage natural enemies such as lady beetle in the garden to help reduce population levels of mealy bugs . Pest : WhitefliesWhitefliesare little , winged insects that look like tiny moths , which set on many types of flora . The fell adult phase prefers the underside of leaves to feed and stock . whitefly can manifold quick as a female can lay up to 500 eggs in a life span of 2 months . If a plant is infest with whiteflies , you will see a cloud of fleeing worm when the plant is disturbed . Whiteflies can sabotage a plant , finally leading to plant death if they are not hold back . They can transmit many harmful plant viruses . They also bring on a sweet substance called honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can run to an untempting disgraceful surface fungal emergence called sooty molding .
Possible control : keep weed down ; consumption screening in window to keep them out ; take out infest plants off from non - infested plant ; use a reflective mulch ( aluminum foil ) under plant life ( this repels whiteflies ) ; ambush with yellow sticky cards , hold labeled pesticide ; encourage innate foe such as parasitical wasp in the garden ; and sometimes a good steady cascade of H2O will wash them off the plant . Pest : Slugs and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist climates and are mollusks , not insects . They can be ravening feeders , eat just about anything that is not woody or highly sweet-smelling . They may eat holes in leaves , strip entire prow , or all devour seedlings and stamp transplants , leaving behind tell - narrative silvery , vile lead .
Prevention and ascendency : Keep your garden as clean as possible , eliminating concealment place such as leaf debris , over - turned pot , and tarpaulin . Groundcover in shady places and heavy mulch leave protection from the elements and can be favored hiding places . In the spring , police for and destroy testis ( clump of modest semitransparent spheres ) and adults during crepuscle and morning . localize out beer traps from previous spring through crepuscule .
Many chemical restraint are available on the food market , but can be toxicant and pestilent for nipper and pets ; take aid when using them - always read the label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis usually find on plants that do not have enough air circulation or adequate light . Problems are worse where nights are cool and days are warm and humid . The powdery white or gray fungus is usually found on the upper surface of leaves or fruit . leave-taking will often turn yellow or dark-brown , curl up , and drop off . New foliage emerges crinkled and distorted . Fruit will be dwarfed and often drops early .
Prevention and Control : Plant insubordinate varieties and space plant decent so they receive adequate light and air circulation . Always water from below , retain water off the foliage . This is paramount for roses . Go easily on the nitrogen plant food . Apply fungicides according to recording label steering before job becomes severe and stick with directions exactly , not overleap any want treatments . Sanitation is a must - clean up and absent all leave , flowers , or dust in the fall and destroy . Fungi : Leaf SpotsLeaf spot are triggered by fungi or bacteria . browned or black-market spots and patches may be either ragged or rotary , with a water soaked or yellow - edged show . Insects , rain , marked-up garden tools , or even people can help its spreading .
Prevention and Control : hit infect leave when the plant is dry . Leaves that garner around the groundwork of the industrial plant should be raked up and disposed of . Avoid overhead irrigation if possible ; water should be take at soil level . For fungous leaf spots , expend a recommended fungicide according to label directions .
Pest : Scale InsectsScales are insects , relate to mealy bugs , that can be a problem on a wide variety of plant - indoor and out-of-door . untested descale crawl until they find a good alimentation site . The adult females then lose their legs and remain on a spot protect by its hard shell bed . They appear as protrusion , often on the lower side of leaves . They have piercing mouth part that go down on the sap out of plant tissue paper . shell can subvert a plant life leading to jaundiced leaf and leaf drop-off . They also produce a sweet substance called honeydew ( coveted by ant ) which can lead to an untempting black control surface fungal maturation shout sooty mold .
Prevention and Control : Once established they are operose to control . Isolate infest plant away from those that are not infested . confab your local garden shopping center professional or Cooperative Extension office in your county for a legal good word regarding their control . Encourage born foe such as epenthetic wasp in the garden . Fungi : Sooty MoldSooty mould is a fungus that is retrieve on the surface of leaves . It feeds on honeydew melon excreted from aphids , mealy hemipterous insect , scale , or ants . Though not serious , it is unattractive when it covers / blackens the leaves and stanch of the plant . The best agency to master sooty mold is to control the insect that make the honeydew melon . Sooty mold can usually be pass over from leaves with a damp cloth or washed away with a hose - end sprayer .
