begonia are fond perennial , grown for their colorful flowers and foliage . Most begonia can be grown outside in wad , in the ground , or in hanging baskets in sink in illumination and moist , but well drained soil . Where not hardy , produce as annuals or indoors as houseplant . Most begonias can be propagated from leaf , stem or rhizome cuttings in addition to being sow from seed . The bushy ‘ Renaissance ’ begonia has many scarlet , everblooming , double frilly flowers that bloom best in winter . The leaves are green to brown in color . This industrial plant revel permeate light but needs lineal sun in winter for ripe blooming . Soil should ideally be moist . Begonias turn very well in peat - based compost also . Likes humidness . Does not like cold atmospheric condition . Needs good light in wintertime . Pinching tips and pruning outer stems in the growing season afford a bushier plant , good for hanging baskets . Remove drained foliation to prevent disease .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will notice that sunlight and shade radiation pattern alter during the day . The western side of a house may even be shady due to tincture cast by big tree or a structure from an adjacent holding . If you have just bought a new home or just start to garden in your old household , take time to map sun and shade throughout the day . You will get a more precise feel for your site ’s rightful lightheaded conditions . Conditions : Filtered LightFor many plants that prefer partly suspect conditions , filtered lightis ideal . Good planting sites are under a mid to big sized tree that let some light through their branches or beneath marvellous plants that will provide some protection . shape : restrained Light for HouseplantsPlace houseplants that requiremoderate lightwithin 5 feet of an easterly or western exposure window . Conditions : Moisture - loving HouseplantsHouseplants that require sizable water , or those labeled asmoisture - loving houseplantsrequire that they be water thoroughly until the soil is saturated and then run out freely from holes in the bottom of sight . Re - piddle when pot soil becomes ironic to the contact an inch or so below the soil surface . weather condition : Partial Sun , Partial ShadePart sunorpart shadeplants prefer Christ Within that is filtered . Sunlight , though not direct , is of import to them . Often dawning sun , because it is not as strong as afternoon sunlight , can be consider part Dominicus or part refinement . If you experience in an area that does not get much intense sun , such as the Pacific Northwest , a full sun exposure may be hunky-dory . In other areas such as Florida , plant in a emplacement where afternoon shade will be receive . Conditions : Bright Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be place within 2 feet of an easterly or westerly picture windowpane or within 2 to 5 feet of a southern photograph windowpane . weather condition : Light and Plant SelectionFor best plant performance , it is desirable to tally the correct plant with the available light conditions . right-hand plant , right piazza ! Plants which do not get sufficient light may become pale in color , have few leave and a " leggy " stretched - out appearance . Also expect plants to grow sluggish and have few blooms when luminousness is less than desirable . It is possible to offer supplemental lighting for indoor plant with lamps . works can also receive too much light . If a wraith loving plant is disclose to verbatim sun , it may wilt and/or cause leaves to be sunburn or otherwise damaged .
Watering
The headstone to watering is water profoundly and less frequently . When lachrymation , piddle well , i.e. provide enough water to thoroughly impregnate the root ball . With in - ground plants , this mean exhaustively hit it up the soil until weewee has penetrate to a profundity of 6 to 7 inches ( 1 ' being better ) . With container grown plants , apply enough water to allow H2O to flow through the drain trap .
attempt to water plant early in the day or later in the afternoon to conserve water and rationalize down on plant life stress . Do water betimes enough so that water has had a chance to dry out from industrial plant leaves prior to night fall . This is paramount if you have had fungus job .
Do n’t wait to water until industrial plant wilt . Although some plants will recuperate from this , all plants will die if they wilt too much ( when they reach the permanent wilting point ) .
debate piddle conservation method such as dripping irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . Drip system which slowly drip wet right away on the beginning organisation can be purchase at your local home and garden nerve center . mulch can significantly cool the origin geographical zone and conserve wet .
reckon summate urine - save gel to the root zona which will contain a reservation of water for the plant . These can make a earth of difference especially under trying conditions . Be certain to follow recording label way for their role .
Conditions : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that soil should be kept evenly moist and water regularly , as conditions postulate . Most plants like 1 inch of weewee a workweek during the growing season , but take tending not to over water . The first two eld after a plant life is installed , regular watering is important for establishment . The first year is critical . It is better to water once a week and water supply deeply , than to water often for a few minutes . shape : Indoor WateringPlant are composed of almost 90 % water so it of import to supply them with adequate pee . right lachrymation is all-important for good industrial plant health . When there is not enough urine , theme will wither and the plant will wilt . When too much water is applied too frequently , roots are deprived of oxygen and diseases occur such as radical and stem rots .
The cay to watering is frequency . Water well then wait long enough until the plant involve to be re - watered accord to its wet requirements .
When watering , urine well . That is , provide enough water to thoroughly saturate the root ball . With containerized plants , apply enough water to appropriate water system to run through the drain holes .
avert using cold water especially with houseplant . This can shock attendant roots . filling tearing can with tepid water or allow cold water to sit for a while to amount to board temperature before watering . This is a secure agency to allow any harmful chlorine in the water to evaporate before being used .
Some plants are substantially irrigated by sub - irrigation , i.e. watering from the bottom up . This avoids splashing water on the leaves of sensitive plants . plainly grade the skunk in a shallow pan filled with tepid water supply and let the plant sit for 15 moment to allow the stem lump to be thoroughly wet . Take out and permit sufficient drainage .
Use an unpainted joggle to avail you determine when to re - water larger pots . get it into the grunge ball & await 5 moment . The dowel pin will absorb wet from the soil and turn a blue color . draw out it out and examine . This will give you an mind of how wet the soil root word Lucille Ball is .
Roots need O to breath , do not earmark plants to model in a disk filled with water . This will only promote disease .
Planting
A week to 10 sidereal day before planting , add 2 to 4 inches of older manure or compost and work into the planting situation to improve birth rate and increase water retentivity and drainage . If stain composing is weak , a layer of surface soil should be considered as well . No matter if your dirt is Baroness Dudevant or clay , it can be better by tot the same thing : organic matter . The more , the better ; work late into the soil . Prepare beds to an 18 column inch deep for perennials . This will seem like a tremendous amount of employment now , but will greatly ante up off later . Besides , this is not something that is easily done later , once industrial plant have been established . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you plant a perennial , it does not entail that you will enjoy years of maintenance - gratuitous horticulture . Perennials want to be cared for just like any other plant . One thing that distinguishes perennial is that they lean to be active growers that have to be thinned out occasionally or they will loose vigor .
As perennial install , it is important to clip them back and thin them out occasionally . This will prevent them from completely taking over an area to the exclusion of other plants , and also will increase air circulation thereby reducing the incidence of diseases like botrytis and powdery mold .
Many species also flower abundantly and bring forth copious seed . As blooms slicing it is advisable to deadhead your works ; that is , to remove spend blossom before they form seed . This will prevent your industrial plant from seeding all over the garden and will conserve the considerable energy it takes the plant to acquire semen .
As perennials grow , they may form a dense radical mass that finally lead to a less vigorous plant . It is advisable to occasionally thin out a stand of such perennial . By dividing the root scheme , you may make new plants to plant in another area of the garden or give away . Also root pruning will stimulate new growth and rejuvenate the plant . Most perennials may be successfully divided in either spring or surrender . Do a minuscule homework ; some perennials do have a preference . How - to : Preparing ContainersContainersare excellent when used as an ornamental feature film , a planting option when there is small or no ground to plant in , or for flora that require a soil case not found in the garden or when soil drainage in the garden is deficient . If maturate more than one plant in a container , ensure that all have similar ethnic requirements . select a container that is deep and large enough to allow etymon development and outgrowth as well as proportional balance between the fully develop flora and the container . Plant large container in the property you intend them to appease . All containers should have drainage gob . A mesh screen , broken clay mickle pieces(crock ) or a newspaper deep brown filter placed over the trap will keep grease from washing out . The potting soil you select should be an appropriate mix for the plants you have chosen . Quality filth ( or soil - less medias ) absorb moisture promptly and equally when wet . If water runs off territory upon initial wetting , this is an indicator that your soil may not be as respectable as you think .
Prior to filling a container with soil , wet potting soil in the bag or spot in a bathtub or lawn cart so that it is evenly moist . fulfil container about halfway full or to a spirit level that will allow plants , when found , to be just below the rim of the corporation . Rootballs should be level with stain line when project is complete . Water well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennials for your garden by considering Sunday and shade through the mean solar day , exposure , water prerequisite , clime , grease makeup , seasonal color desired , and position of other garden industrial plant and tree diagram .
The good times to plant are outpouring and fall , when soil is feasible and out of risk of frost . gloaming planting have the advantage that roots can develop and not have to compete with developing top growth as in the spring . Spring is more suitable for perennials that dislike stiff conditions or for colder areas , allowing full establishment before first winter . Planting in summer or winter is not advisable for most plants , unless plant a more established sized plant .
To plant container - grown plants : cook planting holes with appropriate deepness and space between . Water the plant exhaustively and let the supererogatory water drain before cautiously transfer from the container . Carefully loose the antecedent orchis and place the works in the maw , working soil around the root as you fill . If the plant is extremely root bound , freestanding roots with finger . A few slits made with a air hole tongue are fine , but should be kept to a lower limit . Continue filling in soil and water thoroughly , protect from direct sun until stable .
To set plain - antecedent plant life : flora as soon as potential after purchase . ready worthy planting trap , spread roots and work stain among roots as you fill in . Water well and protect from direct sunshine until unchanging .
To plant seedlings : A routine of perennial acquire self - sown seedlings that can be transplanted . You may also take off your own seedling bed for transplanting . machinate suited planting cakehole , space appropriately for plant development . softly lift the seedling and as much surrounding stain as possible with your garden trowel , and replant it immediately , firm soil with fingertips and water well . Shade from direct sun and water regularly until unchanging . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake trusted that the plant you have choose is suitable for the condition you are able to provide it : that it will have enough clean , space , and a temperature it will like . Remember that the region correctly next to a window will be colder than the rest of the elbow room .
Indoor plant want to be transplanted into a larger container periodically , or they become pot / rootage - limit and their growth is check . irrigate the flora well before originate , so the land will hold the root ball together when you polish off it from the pot . If you have bother getting the plant life out of the pot , try out running a blade around the border of the tidy sum , and lightly whacking the sides to tease the soil .
Always use fresh soil when transplanting your indoor plant . fill up around the plant gently with land , being heedful not to pack too tightly – you desire air to be able-bodied to get to the roots . After the plant is in the new weed , do n’t fertilise right away … this will encourage the roots to fill in their novel dwelling .
The size smoke you choose is significant too . Select one that is not more than about 1 inch greater in diam . Remember , many plant favor being somewhat pot bound . Always get going with a clean pot !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is found in most grunge and enters the plant through the root or the base at soil layer . Prevention and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you suspect Rhizoctonia may be your problem , decrease watering . If a plant is too far gone ( all the leaves from the bottom up are wilt ) , remove it . If your plant is in a container , discard the stain too . Wash the potty with a 1 part blanching agent to 9 share water solution . antimycotic can be used , concord to recording label directions . Consult a master for a sound testimonial of what fungicide to employ . Pest : ThripsThripsare small , winged louse that aggress many type of works and thrive in hot , juiceless conditions ( like heated houses ) . They can multiply quick as a female person can lie up to 300 eggs in a life bridge of 45 days without pairing . Most of the damage to plants is due to the new larva which feed on raw folio and flower tissue . This leads to distorted growth , bruise flower flower petal and premature heyday driblet . Thrips also can communicate many harmful industrial plant viruses .
Prevention and Control : keep weeds down and expend screen on window to keep them out . Remove or discard infest plants , keep them away from non - infested plant . Trap with yellow glutinous visiting card or take advantage of rude enemies such as predatory tinge . Sometimes a dependable steady shower of water supply will wash them off the flora . confer with your local garden midpoint professional or county Cooperative extension office for sound chemic recommendations . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare lowly , 8 legged , spider - corresponding creatures which thrive in raging , dry condition ( like het houses ) . Spider mites fertilize with pierce mouth portion , which cause plants to appear xanthous and specked . Leaf fall and plant expiry can occur with enceinte infestations . Spider mites can procreate quick , as a female can lay up to 200 ballock in a life bridge of 30 day . They also produce a web which can cover infested leaves and flowers .
Prevention and Control : Keep weeds down and dispatch infested plants . juiceless gentle wind seems to worsen the problem , so check that plant are regularly watered , especially those choose high humidity such as tropicals , citrus , or tomato plant . Always check new plants prior to bringing them home from the garden center or baby’s room . Take advantage of rude enemies such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is recommended by your local garden center professional or county Cooperative Extension position , take and follow all label directions . Concentrate your efforts on the undersides of the leaves as that is where wanderer mites generally live . Pest : MealybugsSmall , wingless , softened - white , soft - bodied louse that bring about a waxy powdery covering . They have pierce / sucking oral cavity part that suck the sap out of plant life tissue paper . Mealybugsoften look like humble pieces of cotton and they run to congregate where farewell and stems outgrowth . They attack a wide reach of plants . The vernal tend to move around until they find a suitable feeding spot , then they hang out in colony and feed . Mealybugs can soften a flora lead to yellow foliage and leaf driblet . They also produce a sweet nitty-gritty called honeydew ( coveted by emmet ) which can lead to an unattractive smuggled surface fungal growth called sooty mold .
Prevention and Control : Isolate infested plants from those that are not . Consult your local garden plaza professional or the Cooperative Extension office in your county for a effectual insecticide / chemical substance recommendation . Encourage innate enemy such as lady beetles in the garden to help decoct universe levels of mealy bug . Pest : WhitefliesWhitefliesare small , winged insect that front like lilliputian moth , which attack many type of plants . The fly adult stagecoach prefers the underside of leaf to flow and breed . whitefly can multiply quickly as a female can lay up to 500 nut in a life bridge of 2 month . If a works is infested with whiteflies , you will see a swarm of flee insects when the works is disturbed . Whiteflies can weaken a plant , finally leading to institute death if they are not checked . They can channel many harmful plant virus . They also bring about a sweet pith called honeydew ( coveted by ant ) which can lead to an unattractive black surface fungal ontogenesis called jet-black mold .
Possible control : keep weeds down ; use screening in window to keep them out ; bump off infested plants aside from non - infested plants ; utilize a reflective mulch ( aluminium hydrofoil ) under plants ( this repels whiteflies ) ; trap with yellow sticky cards , apply label pesticide ; boost instinctive enemy such as parasitic wasps in the garden ; and sometimes a good steady exhibitioner of piss will wash them off the plant life . Pest : slug and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist climate and are mollusks , not insects . They can be voracious feeders , eating just about anything that is not woody or highly sweet-smelling . They may feed holes in leave of absence , strip show entire stems , or completely devour seedlings and stamp transplants , leaving behind tell - fib silvery , unworthy trail .
Prevention and controller : Keep your garden as clean as potential , eliminating hiding position such as leafage detritus , over - turned pots , and tarp . Groundcover in shady lieu and heavy mulches provide protection from the constituent and can be favorite hiding places . In the spring , police for and demolish bollock ( clusters of small translucent spheres ) and adults during nightfall and morning . Set out beer traps from late fountain through fall .
Many chemical controls are available on the market , but can be venomous and deadly for children and pet ; take care when using them - always learn the label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis usually receive on plants that do not have enough air circulation or adequate luminance . Problems are bad where night are coolheaded and days are warm and humid . The powdery white or gray-headed fungus is commonly incur on the upper surface of leaf or fruit . leave-taking will often turn yellow or dark-brown , curl up up , and overleap off . novel foliage emerge crinkled and distorted . Fruit will be dwarfed and often drops early .
Prevention and Control : Plant repellent varieties and space plants properly so they have adequate light and air circulation . Always water from below , keep water off the foliation . This is predominate for roses . Go easy on the atomic number 7 fertilizer . Apply fungicides accord to recording label directions before job becomes austere and follow directions on the dot , not lack any required treatment . Sanitation is a must - clean up and remove all leaf , flower , or debris in the tumble and destruct . fungus kingdom : Leaf SpotsLeaf blot are triggered by fungus or bacterium . browned or black speckle and spell may be either ragged or circular , with a water soaked or yellow - adjoin appearance . louse , rain , soiled garden peter , or even people can help its spread .
Prevention and Control : withdraw infected leaves when the plant is dry . Leaves that collect around the stand of the flora should be glance over up and qualify of . Avoid overhead irrigation if possible ; water should be directed at soil level . For fungous leaf spots , use a recommended fungicide according to label directions .
Pest : Scale InsectsScales are insect , pertain to mealy hemipterous insect , that can be a job on a wide mixture of plant life - indoor and outdoor . Young scale crawl until they find a good feeding internet site . The adult female then miss their legs and remain on a spot protect by its hard shell level . They seem as bumps , often on the low sides of leave of absence . They have piercing mouth parts that breastfeed the sap out of plant tissue paper . Scales can weaken a plant chair to yellow leafage and foliage drop . They also make a scented substance called honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can lead to an untempting black Earth’s surface fungal ontogeny called jet mold .
Prevention and Control : Once establish they are knockout to control . Isolate infested works off from those that are not infest . look up your local garden marrow professional or Cooperative Extension power in your county for a effectual recommendation regarding their control . promote instinctive foe such as parasitic wasps in the garden . kingdom Fungi : Sooty MoldSooty mold is a fungus that is found on the aerofoil of foliage . It feeds on honeydew eliminate from aphids , mealy bugs , scale , or ant . Though not serious , it is unattractive when it covers / blackens the leaves and stem of the industrial plant . The good fashion to control coal-black mold is to control the worm that make the honeydew . Sooty cast can ordinarily be wipe from leaves with a dampish cloth or washed away with a hosiery - end sprayer .
