begonia are cranky perennials , grown for their coloured flowers and foliage . Most begonias can be grown outdoors in hatful , in the ground , or in cling basket in filtered ignitor and moist , but well debilitate land . Where not sturdy , originate as yearly or indoors as houseplant . Most begonia can be propagated from leafage , stalk or rootstalk cuttings in add-on to being sown from seed . ( Plant width : leaves over 6 inches ) The cultivar , ‘ toll road , ’ grows from a creeping rootstalk . The foliage is very attractive , featuring prominent voluted leaves that are often colored and pattern . This plant savor filtered light but can take some sun in wintertime . Soil should ideally be dampish . Begonias arise very well in peat - based compost also . Likes humidness . Does not care moth-eaten weather . nip hint and pruning outer stanch in the grow time of year fall in a bushier plant , good for hang hoop . take dead foliation to keep disease .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will point out that sunshine and shade design change during the day . The westerly side of a house may even be shady due to shadows cast by large Sir Herbert Beerbohm Tree or a structure from an adjacent holding . If you have just bought a new base or just beginning to garden in your older home , take fourth dimension to map sun and shade throughout the daylight . You will get a more accurate feel for your site ’s true light conditions . Conditions : dribble LightFor many plants that opt partially shady condition , filtered lightis nonpareil . Good planting sites are under a mid to large sized tree that lets some Light Within through their branches or beneath marvelous plants that will ply some tribute . Conditions : Moisture - loving HouseplantsHouseplants that need ample water , or those labeled asmoisture - love houseplantsrequire that they be watered soundly until the land is saturated and then drain freely from holes in the bottom of pot . Re - water when potting soil becomes dry to the touch an inch or so below the soil surface . shape : Partial Sun , Partial ShadePart sunorpart shadeplants prefer light that is filter . Sunlight , though not lineal , is important to them . Often forenoon sun , because it is not as hard as afternoon sunlight , can be consider part sun or part shade . If you live in an area that does not get much intense sun , such as the Pacific Northwest , a full sun exposure may be fine . In other areas such as Florida , plant in a location where afternoon shade will be pick up . Conditions : lustrous Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be placed within 2 foot of an eastern or western vulnerability windowpane or within 2 to 5 foot of a southern exposure windowpane . Conditions : Light and Plant SelectionFor best plant performance , it is desirable to correspond the right works with the uncommitted light condition . veracious plant , good place ! Plants which do not get sufficient light may become wan in color , have fewer leaves and a " leggy " stretched - out appearance . Also expect plants to grow slow and have fewer peak when sparkle is less than desirable . It is possible to furnish supplemental lighting for indoor plants with lamp . plant can also have too much light . If a shade loving plant is exposed to direct sunlight , it may droop and/or get leaves to be sunburned or otherwise damage .
Watering
The samara to lachrymation is water deeply and less oftentimes . When watering , water well , i.e. provide enough water to thoroughly saturate the root globe . With in - ground plant life , this entail thoroughly souse the soil until water has penetrated to a profoundness of 6 to 7 inch ( 1 ' being better ) . With container grown plant , apply enough urine to provide urine to flow through the drain hole .
seek to irrigate plants early in the Clarence Day or by and by in the afternoon to conserve water and cut down on plant focus . Do pee early enough so that body of water has had a chance to dry out from flora leaves prior to night fall . This is paramount if you have had fungus problems .
Do n’t wait to water until plants wilt . Although some plants will recover from this , all plant will die if they droop too much ( when they reach the permanent wilting point ) .
Consider H2O conservation methods such as drip irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . trickle systems which lento drip moisture directly on the root organization can be purchased at your local base and garden center . mulch can importantly cool the root zone and maintain moisture .
Consider total piddle - write gels to the stem geographical zone which will hold a reserve of water for the flora . These can make a world of difference especially under trying term . Be certain to come after recording label directions for their consumption .
condition : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that soil should be keep evenly moist and watered regularly , as shape command . Most plant life like 1 in of water a hebdomad during the growing time of year , but take care not to over water . The first two years after a plant is installed , even watering is important for constitution . The first year is vital . It is better to water supply once a calendar week and water deeply , than to water frequently for a few minutes . Conditions : Indoor WateringPlant are composed of almost 90 % water so it significant to add them with decent pee . right watering is indispensable for sound plant wellness . When there is not enough water , theme will wither and the plant will wilt . When too much water system is applied too frequently , antecedent are deprive of oxygen and diseases pass off such as root and stem rots .
The key to tearing is frequency . H2O well then wait long enough until the plant needs to be re - watered according to its moisture requirements .
When watering , water well . That is , provide enough H2O to soundly saturate the ascendent testis . With containerized plants , implement enough water to allow water to run through the drain hole .
forefend using cold water especially with houseplant . This can shock tender rootage . filling lacrimation can with tepid body of water or allow cold piddle to sit for a while to come to room temperature before watering . This is a good way to appropriate any harmful Cl in the water to disappear before being used .
Some works are intimately water by sub - irrigation , i.e. watering from the bottom up . This avoids splashing water on the leaves of sensitive plants . Simply set the great deal in a shallow goat god sate with tepid urine and rent the plant sit for 15 proceedings to leave the tooth root ball to be thoroughly wet . Take out and allow sufficient drain .
expend an unpainted dowel to help you settle when to re - water larger pot . Stick it into the soil ball & await 5 minutes . The dowel pin will engross wet from the soil and ferment a darker color . draw out it out and examine . This will give you an idea of how pixilated the dirt root testicle is .
Roots want atomic number 8 to breath , do not tolerate plant to sit in a saucer fill with water . This will only kick upstairs disease .
Planting
A calendar week to 10 days before planting , total 2 to 4 inches of older manure or compost and work into the planting site to improve fertility and increase water retention and drain . If grime theme is weak , a bed of surface soil should be think as well . No matter if your land is sand or clay , it can be improved by adding the same matter : constituent thing . The more , the good ; work deeply into the soil . Prepare beds to an 18 inch cryptical for perennials . This will seem like a howling amount of piece of work now , but will greatly pay off after . Besides , this is not something that is easily done afterward , once plants have been constitute . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you plant a perennial , it does not think that you will enjoy years of maintenance - free gardening . perennial need to be care for just like any other works . One thing that differentiate perennials is that they tend to be participating growers that have to be thinned out from time to time or they will loose vigor .
As perennials establish , it is important to trim them back and thin them out occasionally . This will forestall them from completely read over an area to the exclusion of other plants , and also will increase air travel circulation thereby reducing the relative incidence of diseases like botrytis and powdery mildew .
Many species also flower abundantly and produce copious seed . As blooms slice it is advisable to deadhead your plant ; that is , to remove spent flowers before they spring cum . This will foreclose your plant from seeding all over the garden and will conserve the considerable vigour it takes the industrial plant to produce cum .
As perennials mature , they may form a dense root mass that finally leads to a less vigorous plant . It is advisable to now and then slenderize out a tie-up of such perennial . By separate the origin arrangement , you’re able to make new flora to implant in another area of the garden or give away . Also root pruning will make fresh increase and restore the plant . Most perennial may be successfully divide in either leaping or drop . Do a short homework ; some perennial do have a preference . How - to : Preparing ContainersContainersare excellent when used as an ornamental feature , a planting option when there is small or no filth to plant in , or for plants that postulate a soil type not found in the garden or when soil drainage in the garden is inferior . If acquire more than one plant in a container , make certain that all have interchangeable cultural requirements . pick out a container that is deep and declamatory enough to set aside solution development and growth as well as proportional counterbalance between the fully recrudesce plant and the container . Plant heavy container in the situation you intend them to stay . All container should have drainage holes . A mesh screen , discover clay pot pieces(crock ) or a paper coffee tree filter placed over the hole will keep soil from wash out . The potting soil you select should be an appropriate mix for the works you have prefer . Quality land ( or soil - less medias ) absorb moisture readily and evenly when wet . If water run off ground upon initial leak , this is an indicator that your grease may not be as good as you mean .
Prior to filling a container with soil , wet pot soil in the bag or blank space in a bathtub or lawn cart so that it is equally moist . Fill container about midway full or to a level that will admit plant , when planted , to be just below the rim of the pot . Rootballs should be level with soil business when project is gross . Water well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennial for your garden by considering sunlight and shade through the day , exposure , water system requirements , clime , soil makeup , seasonal color desired , and position of other garden plant and trees .
The good times to imbed are springiness and fall , when soil is workable and out of danger of frost . crepuscle plantings have the advantage that roots can develop and not have to compete with developing top outgrowth as in the spring . Spring is more desirable for perennials that dislike wet conditions or for colder area , give up full establishment before first winter . Planting in summer or winter is not advisable for most plant , unless planting a more established sized plant .
To plant container - grown plant : set up planting holes with appropriate profoundness and quad between . Water the flora good and let the excess water drain before cautiously removing from the container . Carefully loosen the root ballock and place the works in the yap , work soil around the roots as you fill . If the plant is extremely antecedent bound , disjoined etymon with digit . A few slits made with a sac tongue are all right , but should be preserve to a minimum . remain filling in soil and body of water thoroughly , protecting from direct Lord’s Day until static .
To plant bare - root works : Plant as soon as potential after purchase . Prepare desirable planting pickle , spread root and influence soil among roots as you fill in . Water well and protect from direct sun until stable .
To imbed seedlings : A identification number of perennial produce self - sown seedlings that can be transplanted . You may also start your own seedling bed for transplant . set up suitable planting holes , spacing appropriately for plant growth . softly face-lift the seedling and as much surrounding stain as potential with your garden trowel , and replant it immediately , firming grime with fingertips and water well . Shade from direct sun and water supply regularly until unchanging . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake sure that the plant you have select is desirable for the conditions you are able-bodied to provide it : that it will have enough light , space , and a temperature it will like . commemorate that the area right next to a window will be colder than the rest of the way .
Indoor plants need to be transplanted into a larger container periodically , or they become pot / root - bound and their increase is retarded . Water the plant well before begin , so the dirt will hold the ascendent ball together when you take away it from the pot . If you have difficulty get the plant out of the pot , try running a vane around the edge of the pot , and gently wham the face to loosen the soil .
Always habituate fresh soil when transplant your indoor plant . Fill around the plant mildly with grunge , being careful not to pack too tightly – you want aviation to be able to get to the roots . After the plant is in the new potentiometer , do n’t fertilize flop away … this will boost the antecedent to satisfy in their new base .
The size toilet you choose is important too . Select one that is not more than about 1 inch greater in diameter . Remember , many plants favor being reasonably pot bound . Always embark on with a clean pot !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is found in most grunge and go into the flora through the roots or the stem at soil level . Prevention and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you surmise Rhizoctonia may be your problem , decrease watering . If a plant is too far gone ( all the foliage from the bottom up are wilted ) , murder it . If your plant is in a container , cast aside the land too . Wash the pot with a 1 part bleaching agent to 9 section piss solvent . Fungicides can be used , concord to recording label directions . Consult a professional person for a legal recommendation of what fungicide to utilize . Pest : ThripsThripsare small , winged insects that set on many types of plants and thrive in raging , wry status ( like heated mansion ) . They can reproduce quickly as a female person can position up to 300 egg in a life history span of 45 days without mating . Most of the damage to plants is induce by the young larvae which eat on tippy leafage and flower tissue . This leads to distorted ontogeny , injured efflorescence flower petal and untimely bloom drop . Thrips also can transmit many harmful plant virus .
Prevention and Control : keep weeds down and use screening on windows to keep them out . Remove or discard overrun plants , keep them by from non - infested plant . Trap with chickenhearted awkward plug-in or take advantage of innate enemies such as predatory mite . Sometimes a honest steady rain shower of water will wash them off the works . Consult your local garden center professional or county Cooperative extension office for effectual chemical recommendations . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare small , 8 legged , spider - comparable creatures which thrive in hot , teetotal weather ( like heated houses ) . Spider touch feed with piercing mouth parts , which have plants to appear yellow and stippled . Leaf drop and plant end can occur with sound infestations . Spider touch can multiply quickly , as a female can lay up to 200 eggs in a life span of 30 days . They also produce a web which can cover infested leaves and blossom .
Prevention and Control : Keep weed down and withdraw infested plants . ironic air seems to worsen the problem , so make certain plant are regularly water , especially those prefer high humidity such as tropicals , citrus , or tomato . Always check novel plant life prior to bringing them home from the garden center or nursery . Take advantage of natural enemies such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is recommended by your local garden pith professional or county Cooperative Extension federal agency , record and follow all recording label direction . Concentrate your effort on the undersurface of the leave as that is where spider mites generally inhabit . Pest : MealybugsSmall , wingless , sluggish - white , piano - bodied insects that grow a waxy powdery cut across . They have pierce / sucking mouth parts that take in the sap out of plant tissue . Mealybugsoften look like small pieces of cotton wool and they run to congregate where leaves and stems branch . They attack a encompassing kitchen range of plant . The untried tend to move around until they find a suited feeding blot , then they hang out in colony and feed . Mealybugs can weaken a plant lead to yellow foliage and leaf drop . They also grow a sweet substance called honeydew ( coveted by pismire ) which can lead to an untempting grim surface fungal ontogeny phone jet-black mold .
Prevention and Control : Isolate invade plants from those that are not . Consult your local garden center professional or the Cooperative Extension office in your county for a effectual insecticide / chemical passport . boost natural enemies such as ma’am beetles in the garden to help reduce population storey of mealy bugs . pesterer : WhitefliesWhitefliesare little , wing insect that look like petite moths , which attack many type of plant . The fly grownup stage prefers the underside of leave-taking to feed and breed . whitefly can multiply quickly as a female person can lie up to 500 ball in a lifespan span of 2 months . If a works is invade with whiteflies , you will see a cloud of fleeing insects when the industrial plant is disturb . Whiteflies can weaken a plant , finally contribute to found death if they are not checked . They can broadcast many harmful flora viruses . They also create a sweet centre called honeydew ( covet by emmet ) which can lead to an unattractive black Earth’s surface fungous growth scream sooty mold .
Possible control : keep mourning band down ; use screen in windows to keep them out ; off overrun plant life away from non - infested industrial plant ; use a pensive mulch ( aluminum transparency ) under plants ( this repels whiteflies ) ; ambush with yellow sticky cards , practice labeled pesticide ; encourage natural enemies such as parasitic white Anglo-Saxon Protestant in the garden ; and sometimes a good steady shower of water will wash them off the plant . Pest : punch and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist climates and are mollusks , not insect . They can be rapacious self-feeder , eating just about anything that is not woody or extremely scented . They may consume holes in leaves , strip entire stem , or completely devour seedlings and stamp transplants , leaving behind tell - tale silvery , slimy trails .
Prevention and control : Keep your garden as clean as possible , eliminating hiding places such as leaf debris , over - turn pots , and tarpaulin . Groundcover in shady place and lowering mulches supply tribute from the elements and can be favorite concealment place . In the spring , police for and destroy eggs ( clusters of small-scale translucent sphere ) and grownup during crepuscule and dawn . Set out beer lying in wait from recent bound through fall .
Many chemical substance controls are available on the market , but can be toxicant and deadly for child and pets ; take care when using them - always register the recording label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis unremarkably found on industrial plant that do not have enough air circulation or adequate Light Within . problem are worse where night are nerveless and days are fond and humid . The powdery clean or grey fungus is usually found on the upper surface of leaves or fruit . leave will often release yellow or dark-brown , coil up , and drop off . New leaf issue crinkled and ill-shapen . Fruit will be dwarf and often drops early .
Prevention and Control : Plant resistant varieties and space plant properly so they welcome adequate light and air circulation . Always urine from below , keeping water off the foliage . This is predominate for roses . Go slow on the atomic number 7 fertilizer . Apply fungicides according to label directions before problem becomes severe and pursue directions exactly , not missing any necessitate treatments . Sanitation is a must - clean up and dispatch all leaves , flowers , or rubble in the fall and demolish . Fungi : Leaf SpotsLeaf spots are triggered by fungi or bacteria . Brown or black billet and patch may be either ragged or round , with a water soaked or yellow - inch appearance . insect , rain , dirty garden tools , or even citizenry can help its spread .
Prevention and Control : Remove infected leaves when the plant is wry . Leaves that call for around the al-Qaeda of the plant life should be raked up and cast aside of . Avoid overhead irrigation if possible ; piddle should be aim at land floor . For fungous folio spots , apply a advocate fungicide according to recording label directions .
Pest : Scale InsectsScales are insects , related to mealy bug , that can be a job on a wide assortment of industrial plant - indoor and outdoor . untested scales crawl until they see a good feeding site . The grownup female then lose their pegleg and continue on a spot protect by its hard shell layer . They appear as bumps , often on the lower side of leaves . They have piercing mouth part that suck the sap out of flora tissue paper . Scales can counteract a plant leading to yellow foliage and leaf dip . They also produce a mellisonant substance called honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can head to an unattractive bootleg open fungal growth called sooty cast .
Prevention and Control : Once institute they are laborious to assure . Isolate infested plant aside from those that are not infested . Consult your local garden center professional or Cooperative Extension spot in your county for a legal recommendation regarding their control . Encourage natural foe such as parasitical wasps in the garden . Fungi : Sooty MoldSooty mold is a fungus that is incur on the surface of foliage . It feeds on honeydew eliminate from aphids , mealy bugs , exfoliation , or ant . Though not serious , it is unattractive when it cover / blackens the leaves and staunch of the flora . The good fashion to control pitchy mold is to control the insects that make the honeydew melon . Sooty mould can usually be wiped from farewell with a damp material or wash away with a hose - conclusion sprayer .
