Hard , dull and mostly spiny leaves of minuscule size . Trees maintain a compact yet conelike material body . yield is red . Gender is male . Prune in the saltation . Check the gender before planting . This holly grows good in full sun .
Google Plant Images : fall into place here !
Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
Pinching is removing the stalk tips of a young plant to promote branching . Doing this avert the demand for more severe pruning later on .
cutting involves removing whole branch back to the torso . This may be done to open up up the interior of a plant to get more light in and to increase air circulation that can cut down on plant disease . The best mode to get down cutting is to begin by removing numb or pathologic wood .
Shearing is leveling the surface of a bush using handwriting or electric shears . This is done to maintain the desired chassis of a hedge or topiary .
Rejuvenating is remotion of one-time branches or the overall reducing of the size of a shrub to furbish up its original contour and sizing . It is recommended that you do not remove more than one third of a plant at a clip . Remember to remove branches from the interior of the industrial plant as well as the outside . When rejuvenating flora with cane , such as nandina , cut back cane at various heights so that plant will have a more natural expression . Conditions : Full SunFull Sunis defined as photo to more than 6 hour of continuous , verbatim sun per Clarence Day .
Watering
If the trouble is only on the aerofoil , it maybe diverted to a drain ditch . If drainage is pathetic where H2O tabular array is eminent , install an underground drain organization . You should reach a declarer for this . If belowground drains already exist , check to see if they are blocked .
Gallic drains are another option . Gallic drains are ditch that have been filled with gravel . It is okay to set sod on top of them . More noticeable , but a good solution where looks are n’t as significant , think of the French drain as a ditch filled with crushed rock . ditch should be 3 to 4 feet deep and have sloping sides .
A soakway is a gravel filled pit where urine is hive off to via secret pipe . This works well on sites that have pack together soil . Your soakway should be about 6’wide and deep and filled with gravel or crushed stone , top with guts and sodded or seeded .
Keep in idea that it is illegal to divert pee onto other masses ’s holding . If you do not finger that you’re able to implement a feasible solution on your own , call a contractor . tool : Watering AidesNo gardener depends 100 % on raw rain . Even the most water conscious garden appreciates the right hose , watering can or wand .
Planting
cautiously remove shrub from container and lightly separate roots . Position in centre of hole , best side face forward . fulfil in with original soil or an amended mixture if needed as described above . For larger bush , build a water system well . Finish by mulch and watering well .
If the plant is ball - and - burlapped , take out fasteners and turn up back the top of natural gunny , tucking it down into pickle , after you ’ve place shrub . ensure that all burlap is lay to rest so that it wo n’t wick water off from rootball during hot , dry periods . If synthetical burlap , remove if potential . If not possible , cut away or make slit to allow for root to develop into the new grime . For gravid bush , build up a piddle well . Finish by mulch and watering well .
If shrub is bare - base , look for a discoloration somewhere near the al-Qaeda ; this mark is probable where the dirt line was . If stain is too sandy or too clayey , add organic affair . This will help with both drainage and water holding capacitance . Fill soil , firming just enough to support bush . Finish by mulching and watering well . How - to : engraft a TreeDig out an expanse for the tree diagram that is about 3 or 4 time the diameter of the container or rootball and the same depth as the container or rootball . habituate a pitchfork or excavator to scarify the sides of the golf hole .
If container - grown , lie down the tree diagram on its side and take away the container . Loosen the roots around the edges without break up the root ball too much . Position tree in center of trap so that the best side look forward . You are ready to begin filling in with dirt .
If found a balled and burlaped tree , position it in hole so that the best side face forward . Untie or remove nails from burlap at top of testis and tear burlap back , so it does not stick out of hole when land is exchange . man-made gunny should be take as it will not decompose like natural gunny . Larger tree often number in conducting wire baskets . Plant as you would a b&b flora , but edit as much of the wire away as potential without actually transfer the basket . Chances are , you would do more damage to the rootball by removing the basket . merely cut away wires to go forth several large openings for roots .
fulfil both holes with soil the same way . Never remediate with less than half original soil . Recent studies show that if your stain is loose enough , you are good off adding little or no soil amendment .
Create a piss ring around the outer boundary of the hole . Not only will this conseve pee , but will direct moisture to perimeter root , encouraging prohibited growth . Once tree is established , water closed chain may be leveled . study show that mulched tree diagram grow faster than those unmulched , so sum a 3 " " layer of pinestraw , compost , or pulverized bark over backfilled domain . Remove any damaged tree branch .
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is found in most soil and enters the plant through the root or the stem at dirt stage . Prevention and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you suspect Rhizoctonia may be your problem , decrease lacrimation . If a plant is too far gone ( all the leaves from the bottom up are droop ) , remove it . If your plant is in a container , discard the soil too . moisten the gage with a 1 part whitener to 9 parts body of water solution . antifungal can be used , according to label directions . confer a professional for a legal good word of what antimycotic to use . Pest : MaggotsMaggotslive in the soil , chew the base hairs off of industrial plant and passion to tunnel through root crops such as onion , Allium sativum and leeks . They are about 1/3 of an inch long , glossy ashen and blunt - point . grownup are dark grey flies that resemble the common housefly .
Prevenion and Control : float course covers or cheesecloth set over seedbeds in other outpouring may dissuade egg laying on untried plants . Crop rotation is a must . Always hit and destroy septic plants . Beneficial nemtodes will prey on maggots as well . Till soil well in the fall to expose and destroy pupa . Pest : Fungus Gnats and ShorefliesFungus GnatsorShore fliesare small pesky flies which can often be a nuisance inside the plate . About the sizing of yield flies , they can be seen persist on the dirt open of pots . They seem to favour sozzled soil experimental condition and may thrive in mixes containing hardwood barque or manure . While the worm - similar larva can make root scathe and adult can transmit plant diseases , they rarely get severe plant life scathe .
Possible ascendancy : annul over - lacrimation soil . Another choice : economic consumption labelled insecticidal drenches against the puerile stages . adult can be controlled with recommended insect powder , as well . further instinctive foeman such as parasitic nematode in the garden . cuss : MealybugsSmall , wingless , muted - blank , soft - incarnate insects that bring about a waxy powdery covering . They have pierce / sucking mouth parts that breastfeed the sap out of flora tissue . Mealybugsoften wait like small patch of cotton and they run to congregate where leaves and stem arm . They attack a wide range of works . The young tend to move around until they find a suitable feeding spot , then they hang out in colonies and feed . Mealybugs can de-escalate a industrial plant leading to yellowed foliage and leaf drop . They also develop a fresh substance predict honeydew ( covet by emmet ) which can go to an unattractive bootleg surface fungal growth call in sooty mould .
Prevention and Control : Isolate infested plants from those that are not . Consult your local garden center professional or the Cooperative Extension agency in your county for a effectual insecticide / chemical substance testimonial . Encourage natural enemy such as madam beetles in the garden to help reduce universe stratum of mealy glitch . Pest : WhitefliesWhitefliesare small , winged insects that look like midget moths , which attack many character of plants . The wing adult stagecoach favor the undersurface of leaf to flow and breed . whitefly can reproduce apace as a female person can lay up to 500 bollock in a life span of 2 month . If a plant is infested with whitefly , you will see a cloud of fleeing insects when the flora is disturb . Whiteflies can step down a works , finally leading to imbed death if they are not crack . They can impart many harmful plant viruses . They also produce a sweet-smelling substance called honeydew ( covet by pismire ) which can chair to an untempting black surface fungous growth visit sooty mold .
Possible control : keep weeds down ; use block out in windows to keep them out ; remove infest plants away from non - infested plants ; use a broody mulch ( Al transparency ) under plants ( this repels whiteflies ) ; trap with yellow viscid cards , apply labeled pesticide ; encourage natural enemies such as bloodsucking WASP in the garden ; and sometimes a sound steady shower of water will wash them off the plant . Pest : AphidsAphids are small , diffuse - incarnate , slow - moving worm that suck fluids from works . Aphidscome in many colors , range from unripe to Brown University to black-market , and they may have wing . They assault a extensive range of plant species cause stunting , deformed leaves and buds . They can channelize harmful flora virus with their pierce / suck mouthparts . Aphids , by and large , are merely a nuisance , since it takes many of them to cause serious plant damage . However aphid do produce a angelic substance holler honeydew ( covet by ants ) which can extend to an untempting black surface growth called sooty mold .
Aphids can increase quickly in numbers and each female can produce up to 250 live nymphs in the row of a calendar month without conjugation . Aphids often come along when the surround changes - saltation & free fall . They ’re often massed at the peak of branches fertilize on succulent tissue paper . Aphids are appeal to the color yellowness and will often hitchhike on yellow clothing .
Prevention and Control : Keep Mary Jane to an absolute minimum , especially around desirable plants . On edibles , wash off infected area of industrial plant . Lady bugs and lacewing fly will feed on aphid in the garden . There are various mathematical product - organic and inorganic - that can be used to curb aphid . Seek the testimonial of a professional and follow all label operation to a tee . Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis ordinarily found on plants that do not have enough air circulation or tolerable visible radiation . Problems are worse where night are cool and day are ardent and humid . The powdery white or grey fungus is commonly find on the upper surface of foliage or yield . leave will often turn yellow or dark-brown , curl up , and drop down off . young foliage emerges crinkled and distorted . Fruit will be dwarf and often throw off early .
Prevention and Control : embed resistant varieties and space works decently so they get adequate light and air circulation . Always water from below , keeping water off the foliage . This is predominant for roses . Go easy on the N fertiliser . Apply fungicides according to recording label directions before problem becomes severe and follow directions on the nose , not missing any want treatments . Sanitation is a must - clean up and remove all leaf , heyday , or debris in the declension and destroy . disease : Pythium and Phytophtora Root RotRot Rot , PythiumorPhytophthoraoccurs when soil wet levels are excessively mellow and fungal spore present in the filth , come in middleman with the susceptible flora . The base of stems discolor and quail , and allow for further up the stubble wilt disease and conk . Leaves near base are involve first . The root word will turn black and rot or fail . This fungi can be introduced by using unsterilized soil mix or contaminated water .
Prevention and ControlRemove affected plants and their roots , and discard circumvent soil . Replace with plants that are not susceptible , and only expend fresh , sterilise soil mix . Hold back on fertilize too . Try not to over water plants and make indisputable that stain is well drained prior to planting . This fungus is not treatable by chemical .
Rhizoctonia Root and Stem Rot symptom look similar to Pythium Root Rot , but the Rhizoctonia fungus seems to thrive in well drained soils . Fungi : Leaf SpotsLeaf berth are triggered by fungus kingdom or bacterium . Brown or black point and patch may be either ragged or round , with a water soaked or yellow - edged appearance . Insects , rain , dirty garden peter , or even multitude can aid its bed cover .
Prevention and Control : Remove infected leaves when the industrial plant is dry . Leaves that collect around the base of the plant should be rake up and dispose of . Avoid overhead irrigation if possible ; water should be directed at soil level . For fungal leaf situation , use a recommended fungicide consort to label directions .
cuss : Leaf MinersLeaf Mineris actually a term that apply to various larva ( of moths , beetle , and flies ) that tunnel between upper and low leaf surfaces , go forth a typical , squiggly radiation pattern . A female grownup can lay several hundred eggs inside the leaf which hatch and give ascension to miners . Leaf mineworker tone-beginning ornamentals and vegetables .
Prevention and Control : Keep weeds down and scout single plant for tell - tale squiggles . cull and destroy these leaves and take advantage of natural enemies such as parasitic wasps . Know the Growing Degree Days ( GDD ) * for your area to target insecticide spray when most good for controlling the specific leaf mineworker . assay a professional passport and succeed all label procedures to a tee . * GDD numbers should be uncommitted from your local Cooperative Extension office . disease : AnthracnoseAnthracnose is the outcome of a plant infection , because of a fungus , and may cause dangerous defoliation , especially in trees , but seldom ensue in death . deep-set patches on stems , fruit , leaves , or twigs , appear grayish brown , may appear watery , and have pinkish - burn spore masses that appear slime - like . On vegetables , spots may expound as yield matures .
Prevention and Control : Once lay down they are hard to control . Isolate infested flora out from those that are not infested . confer with your local garden center professional or Cooperative Extension office in your county for a legal recommendation regarding their control . boost raw enemy such as parasitic white Anglo-Saxon Protestant in the garden . Weeds : AlgaeAlgaeis a one - celled being that regurgitate by cell division , spores , or fragmentation . It thrives in warming water that receive full sun and has an ample supply of nutrients . Algae are most commonly find in ponds that that are not ecologically balanced or in low - dwell areas on terra firma or in drainage ditches . Most noticeable in outpouring , when water begin to warm up , as a greenish stamp or film on the pond ’s surface . On land , alga may appear unworthy and green or scum - like . Prevention and Control : The best bar is to strive for an ecologically balanced pond . It is recommended that you ply at least one oxygenize plant per 1 square foot of pond surface . Good oxygenators include charis , cabomba , and vallisneria , all of which compete with algae for carbon dioxide and nutrient . The second measure would be to discontinue any fertilizer overflow from entering the pond and to reduce the amount of food feed to fish . Both overburden pee with nutrients , have alga problems worse . Reducing the amount of sunshine penetrating the pond ’s control surface is the third footmark . kingdom Fungi : Sooty MoldSooty mold is a fungus that is obtain on the Earth’s surface of leave . It feeds on honeydew pass from aphids , mealy bug , scale , or ants . Though not serious , it is unattractive when it covers / blackens the leaves and stems of the works . The best way to contain jet-black cast is to contain the insects that make the honeydew melon . Sooty mold can normally be wiped from leaves with a damp cloth or moisten off with a hosepipe - death sprayer . disease : BlightBlights are cause by fungi or bacterium that kill plant tissue paper . Symptoms often show up as the speedy staining or wilt of leafage . There are many different blight , specific to various plants , each requiring a varied method of control .
Miscellaneous
You will often discover loam referred to as a sandy loam ( having more moxie , yet still plenty of constitutive matter ) or a clay loam ( heavier on the clay , yet workable with good drain . ) The addition of constitutional matter to either guts or clay will result in a loamy stain . Still not sure if your soil is a Amandine Aurore Lucie Dupin , the Great Compromiser , or loam ? Try this round-eyed exam . Squeeze a handfull of slimly moist , not pissed , soil in your hand . If it forms a tight Lucille Ball and does not fall apart when lightly tapped with a digit , your soil is more than potential mud . If dirt does not form a ball or crumbles before it is bug , it is Baroness Dudevant to very arenaceous loam . If dirt form a ball , then crumbles pronto when thinly tapped , it ’s a loam . Several quick , lite taps could imply a stiff loam . Glossary : Wind BreakAwind breakis any chemical group of plants used to break up or deflect the jazz . bombastic scale windbreak are usually planted as a single or double row and may be used not only to protect buildings , but crops as well . The exact placement of the windbreak depends on its height and the velocity of the wind .
malarky break works are usually planted closely together . Combination plantings seem to work well too : taller plants should be in the middle , shorter on the exterior . gloss : VirusesViruses , which are smaller than bacteria , are not live on and do not replicate on their own . They must swear on the cellular mechanisms of their hosts to retroflex . Because this greatly interrupt the cell ’s functionality , outward-bound signs of a viral infection event in a plant disease with symptoms such as abnormal or stunted growth , damage fruit , discoloration or spot .
Prevention and Control : Keep computer virus attack aircraft carrier such as aphids , leafhopper , and thripid under control . These plant eating insects spread virus . Viruses can also be introduced by infected pollen or through plant opening ( as when pruning ) . set about bykeeping the pathogen outof your garden . New flora should be checked , as well as putz and existing plants . Use only certified seed that is view as disease - loose . Plant only resistant varietiesandcreate a discouraging environmentby rotate crops , not planting intimately related plants in the same field every year . Glossary : PruningNow is the preferred time to prune this flora .
